A edição de 22 de maio de 1994 da Despertai! é a publicação mais citada — e a mais frequentemente descrita de forma errada — da história da política de sangue. Esta página expõe exatamente o que a edição diz, quem ela nomeia, o que registra sobre cada um deles e onde erra a alegação que circula na internet sobre a sua capa.
Última revisão em 19 de setembro de 2026
AWAKE!22 May 1994“Youths Who Put God First”Feature articles, pages 3 to 15
Set in type, not reproduced. The artwork of the cover is not shown here. Still published on the organisation’s own online library, so every quotation below can be checked against it.
Esta edição é a publicação mais citada na história da regra sobre o sangue, e também a mais frequentemente descrita de forma errada. As duas coisas importam, e por isso esta página faz duas coisas: expõe com precisão o que a edição registra, e expõe com precisão o que ela não registra.
O que ela registra já é grave o bastante por si só. A revista de interesse geral da própria organização disse aos seus leitores que jovens Testemunhas estavam morrendo por colocar Deus em primeiro lugar, que a questão eram as transfusões de sangue, e em seguida nomeou seis deles.
Em resumo
The issue’s contents page framed young Witnesses who refused blood as continuing a tradition of youths who ‘died for putting God first’, ‘with blood transfusions the issue’.Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
A capa é uma montagem de fotografias de jovens. A edição não os identifica nem diz o que aconteceu com eles. A alegação comum de que ‘todas as crianças da capa morreram’ não tem apoio na publicação, e nós não a repetimos.
In former times thousands of youths died for putting God first. They are still doing it, only today the drama is played out in hospitals and courtrooms, with blood transfusions the issue.
Esta frase é o enquadramento da própria publicação, no seu próprio sumário: ela coloca os jovens que recusam sangue na mesma linha dos jovens que ‘morreram por colocar Deus em primeiro lugar’, e diz que eles ‘ainda estão fazendo isso’. As duas afirmações são da organização, não de um crítico.
Declaração explícita · 22 de maio de 1994Verificado
A edição de Despertai! de 22 de maio de 1994 apresentou sua série de capa afirmando que jovens ‘are still’ morrendo por porem Deus em primeiro lugar, ‘with blood transfusions the issue’. Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
Mostrar as provas (1 fonte)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.2 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“In former times thousands of youths died for putting God first. They are still doing it, only today the drama is played out in hospitals and courtrooms, with blood transfusions the issue.”
The contents page introduces the series ‘Youths Who Put God First’ on pages 3–15. It does not name or count the young people pictured on the cover.
Notes.The cover (a montage of photographs of young people beneath the title) is not reproduced on the Online Library; a low-resolution scan hosted by a discovery site was viewed but the number of people pictured could not be reliably counted from it.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g-1994-0522-contents
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: O próprio índice anual de 1994 da revista classifica a série sob ‘Jehovah’s Witnesses’ e a rotula como ‘(Blood Issue)’.
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Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.1-32 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“He ‘Remembered His Creator in the Days of His Youth’ … Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal””
The issue runs to 32 pages and contains twelve items. The official publication file records the page range of each: Page Two (2); ‘He “Remembered His Creator in the Days of His Youth”’ (3-8); ‘Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”’ (9-15); ‘Alligators—Rare, White, and Blue-Eyed!’ (16-17); ‘What If I Fall For an Unbeliever?’ (18-20); ‘Is the Bible Irrelevant?’ (21); ‘Your Chop Your Signature’ (22-24); ‘Put Humor Into Your Life’ (25-27); ‘Watching the World’ (28-29); ‘From Our Readers’ (30); ‘Contaminated Blood Given to Hemophiliacs’ (31); ‘The “Godly Fear” District Convention Is At Hand’ (32). The two blood articles occupy pages 3-15, thirteen of the issue's thirty-two pages. Neither of them is headed ‘Youths Who Put God First’: that is the cover title. Inside the issue the phrase occurs only in the page 2 contents item, which reads ‘Youths Who Put God First 3-15’ (Watchtower Online Library document 101994360, par. 2; src-g-1994-0522-contents), and in the magazine’s own 1994 annual index.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Awake!, 22 May 1994 (complete issue; official publication file g_E_19940522.jwpub)
Nota de confiança.The issue listing was opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026, and the official publication file g_E_19940522.jwpub (linked from the JW.org pub-media service at https://cfp2.jw-cdn.org/a/044135e/2/o/g_E_19940522.jwpub) was downloaded and its publication database read directly; the twelve documents and their first and last page numbers are taken from that file. Both steps were repeated independently by the auditor on 19 September 2026: the twelve rows of the Document table and their FirstPageNumber and LastPageNumber values match, and the pub-media service offers this issue in JWPUB format only, with an empty pubImage entry.
Notes.The official publication file contains no multimedia records at all (the Multimedia, DocumentMultimedia and ExtractMultimedia tables are empty and the manifest lists no images), so the authorised digital edition of this issue carries no photographs or illustrations. The printed issue did carry pictures: the Watchtower Online Library text retains picture and picture-credit lines for pages 16, 19, 21, 23, 26, 31 and 32. There is no such line in either of the two blood articles.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-issue-contents-map
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.31 · pars. 1-6 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“BLOOD has become a two-billion-dollar-a-year business. The pursuit of profits from it has resulted in a gigantic tragedy in France. HIV-contaminated blood caused the death of 250 hemophiliacs in AIDS-related illnesses, with hundreds more infected.”
A further item in the same issue, on page 31, summarising the contaminated-blood scandals in France, Germany, Canada and Spain and the United States factor VIII warnings, citing The Boston Globe, Guardian Weekly, The Globe and Mail, The Medical Post, The New York Times and Dateline NBC.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Contaminated Blood Given to Hemophiliacs
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
22 de dezembro de 1994 · p.31 · entry under ‘Jehovah’s Witnesses’ · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“Youths Who Put God First (Blood Issue), 5/22”
The magazine’s own annual index for 1994 lists the series under ‘Jehovah’s Witnesses’ and labels it, in parentheses, ‘Blood Issue’. The same index lists the page 31 item as ‘Contaminated Blood to Hemophiliacs, 5/22’ under ‘Health and Medicine’.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Index to Volume 75 of Awake!
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
A mesma edição trouxe, na página 31, uma nota informando a infecção de hemofílicos por hemoderivados contaminados com HIV na França, na Alemanha, no Canadá e na Espanha, e a retirada tardia do fator VIII não aquecido nos Estados Unidos. Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: A nota indica como fontes The Boston Globe, Guardian Weekly, The Globe and Mail, The Medical Post, The New York Times e Dateline NBC, e os acontecimentos que ela descreve são de domínio público em cada um desses países.
Mostrar as provas (1 fonte)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.31 · pars. 1-6 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“BLOOD has become a two-billion-dollar-a-year business. The pursuit of profits from it has resulted in a gigantic tragedy in France. HIV-contaminated blood caused the death of 250 hemophiliacs in AIDS-related illnesses, with hundreds more infected.”
A further item in the same issue, on page 31, summarising the contaminated-blood scandals in France, Germany, Canada and Spain and the United States factor VIII warnings, citing The Boston Globe, Guardian Weekly, The Globe and Mail, The Medical Post, The New York Times and Dateline NBC.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Contaminated Blood Given to Hemophiliacs
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
A tabela registra apenas o que os dois artigos afirmam. As idades são as que a edição indica. “Desfecho” reproduz a redação do artigo ou uma paráfrase próxima; quando o artigo registra a sobrevivência, essa é a situação no momento em que foi escrito, em 1994, e não fazemos nenhuma afirmação sobre a vida de ninguém desde então.
Named in Awake!, 22 May 1994, pages 3–15
Name
Age
Place
Condition
What was refused
Outcome as recorded
Source
Adrian Yeatts
14 at diagnosis (15 in later accounts)
Newfoundland, Canada
Abdominal lymphoma, then leukaemia (1993)
Blood transfusions; court declared him a mature minor
Died Died 13 September 1993, the day after his baptism
Alive in 1994 Transfused under a court order (“once”, per the magazine; the judgment records several transfusions over about six weeks — see below); “no further transfusions”; “did not die from her leukemia”
Declaração explícita · 22 de maio de 1994Verificado
Os dois artigos principais de Despertai! de 22 de maio de 1994 citam pelo nome seis jovens que recusaram sangue. A edição registra que três morreram (Adrian Yeatts, 14; Lenae Martinez, 12; Lisa Kosack, 12) e que três estavam vivos à época em que o texto foi escrito (a criança de três anos de Ohio, 3; a jovem de dezessete anos de Nova York, 17; E.G., 17). Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
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Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.3-8 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“I just could not live with myself if I am given blood.”
The article, narrated by his father, describes Adrian Yeatts of Newfoundland, Canada, aged 14, diagnosed with a fast-growing abdominal lymphoma in March 1993 and subsequently leukaemia. Newfoundland’s Supreme Court (Justice Robert Wells) held in July 1993 that he was a mature minor whose refusal of blood would be respected. He was baptised in a hospital physiotherapy tank on 12 September 1993 and the article records that he died the next day. A boxed item describes a bloodless heart transplant for three-year-old the three-year-old in Ohio of Ohio in October 1993, reported a month later as doing well. The article also records the medical advice as the family reported it: Dr Jardine 'explained that a very aggressive chemotherapy program with blood transfusions was the only way Adrian could possibly live'; 'chemotherapy was started, without the transfusions'; and it closes by saying that he rejected transfusions 'that could conceivably have extended his present life'.
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.9-15 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“After a long, difficult night, at 6:30 a.m., September 22, 1993, Lenae fell asleep in death in the arms of her mother.”
The article profiles four young people: Lenae Martinez, 12, Fresno, California, leukaemia — recorded as having died on 22 September 1993; the New York seventeen-year-old, 17, New York City, inflammatory bowel disease — ‘Crystal never needed blood, and none was ever transfused’; Lisa Kosack, 12, Toronto, acute myeloid leukaemia — ‘She died peacefully at home, in the loving arms of her mother and father’; E.G., 17, Chicago, leukaemia — ‘Ernestine had no further transfusions, and she did not die from her leukemia.’ E.G. (par. 59) was transfused once under a trial-court order 'in spite of her vigorous protests'; the Illinois Appellate Court and the Illinois Supreme Court then upheld her right to refuse (pars. 60-61), and the article records that she 'had no further transfusions, and she did not die from her leukemia' (par. 63).
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have ‘Power Beyond What Is Normal’
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026; names, ages, places and outcome sentences confirmed from the article text.
Notes.Together with the first article, the issue names six young people: three recorded as having died and three recorded as alive at the time of writing.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g-1994-0522-power-beyond-normal
The first article is narrated by Adrian’s father. It describes a fast-growing abdominal tumour found in March 1993, a diagnosis of lymphoma and then leukaemia, and a child-welfare application to Newfoundland’s Supreme Court, which ruled in July 1993 that he was a mature minor whose refusal of blood would be respected.Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
I just could not live with myself if I am given blood.
Dr. Jardine now explained that a very aggressive chemotherapy program with blood transfusions was the only way Adrian could possibly live. Adrian, however, still refused blood transfusions. Chemotherapy was started, without the transfusions.
The article records the medical advice as the family reported it: the treating doctor ‘explained that a very aggressive chemotherapy program with blood transfusions was the only way Adrian could possibly live’, and ‘chemotherapy was started, without the transfusions’. The magazine itself closes by saying that he rejected transfusions ‘that could conceivably have extended his present life’. We quote those sentences because they are the organisation’s own record of what the doctors said. We do not say what would have happened had he accepted; the article does not, and nobody can. It records a fourteen-year-old’s conviction, a court’s respect for it, and his death.Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
O artigo registra mais três coisas sobre os dias que antecederam a sua morte, cada uma delas segundo o relato da própria revista.
O artigo registra que Adrian Yeatts, então com catorze anos, foi perguntado diretamente por seu oncologista se percebia que poderia morrer sem uma transfusão e respondeu ‘Yes’ e ‘If that’s what it takes’, e que, depois da biópsia, o médico disse que a quimioterapia agressiva com transfusões era a única forma pela qual ele poderia vir a viver. Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: O artigo apresenta esse diálogo como prova de uma decisão informada e independente, e cita a satisfação de seu advogado com o fato de que ‘he exercised a mind of his own’.
Mostrar as provas (3 fontes)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.4 · pars. 11-14 (Watchtower Online Library paragraph ids p11-p14) · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“Dr. Jardine asked, “Do you realize that you could die if you don’t take a blood transfusion?” “Yes.” “And you’re willing to do that?” “If that’s what it takes.””
The exchange is reported as taking place at the Dr. Charles A. Janeway Child Health Centre, St John’s, Newfoundland, while Adrian Yeatts, then 14, was awaiting a biopsy to be performed without blood. The oncologist is named in the article as Dr Lawrence Jardine.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, He ‘Remembered His Creator in the Days of His Youth’
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
22 de maio de 1994 · p.5 · par. 17 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“The biopsy was performed on March 18. It showed that Adrian had a large lymphoma tumor. A subsequent bone marrow biopsy confirmed the fear that he had developed leukemia.”
The article dates the biopsy to 18 March 1993 and records that the treating oncologist then said aggressive chemotherapy with blood transfusions was the only way Adrian could possibly live, and that chemotherapy was begun without transfusions.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, He ‘Remembered His Creator in the Days of His Youth’
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.3-8 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“I just could not live with myself if I am given blood.”
The article, narrated by his father, describes Adrian Yeatts of Newfoundland, Canada, aged 14, diagnosed with a fast-growing abdominal lymphoma in March 1993 and subsequently leukaemia. Newfoundland’s Supreme Court (Justice Robert Wells) held in July 1993 that he was a mature minor whose refusal of blood would be respected. He was baptised in a hospital physiotherapy tank on 12 September 1993 and the article records that he died the next day. A boxed item describes a bloodless heart transplant for three-year-old the three-year-old in Ohio of Ohio in October 1993, reported a month later as doing well. The article also records the medical advice as the family reported it: Dr Jardine 'explained that a very aggressive chemotherapy program with blood transfusions was the only way Adrian could possibly live'; 'chemotherapy was started, without the transfusions'; and it closes by saying that he rejected transfusions 'that could conceivably have extended his present life'.
Declaração explícita · 19 de julho de 1993Verificado
Numa declaração juramentada assinada e apresentada à Suprema Corte de Terra Nova, Adrian Yeatts escreveu que sabia que poderia morrer sem sangue, que ninguém o havia convencido a tomar essa decisão e que uma transfusão ‘will be like raping me, molesting my body’, terminando com ‘Please respect me and my wishes.’ Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: O tribunal aceitou a declaração juramentada, e o juiz entrevistou o rapaz no hospital antes de declará-lo menor maduro.
Mostrar as provas (1 fonte)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.6 · par. 24 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“I won’t agree to blood or let it be used; no way. I know I could die if no blood is used. But that is my decision. No one talked me into that. … The way I feel is that if I’m given any blood that will be like raping me, molesting my body. … Please respect me and my wishes.”
Extracts from a signed affidavit prepared by Adrian, who was too ill to appear, and put before the Supreme Court of Newfoundland on Monday 19 July 1993 by counsel, David C. Day QC. The article prints the affidavit at length. The second ellipsis in the quotation spans both further affidavit text (‘I don’t want my body if that happens… I’ll resist use of blood.’) and the magazine’s own narration, ‘Adrian’s affidavit ended with this appeal:’; the closing sentence is the affidavit’s, but it is introduced by the magazine and not printed continuously with the rest.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, He ‘Remembered His Creator in the Days of His Youth’
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
Notes.The article twice uses the language of sexual violation — here and in Lisa Kosack’s evidence on page 13 — to describe a transfusion given against the patient’s will.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-yeatts-affidavit
O juiz Wells indeferiu os pedidos do Diretor de Bem-Estar Infantil, entendeu que não se havia demonstrado que o sangue fosse essencial — ‘not been demonstrated to be essential’ — e que ele ‘could be harmful’ naquelas circunstâncias, e declarou o menino um menor maduro cujo desejo de receber tratamento sem sangue devia ser respeitado; a Suprema Corte do Canadá resumiu depois essa mesma decisão, publicada como Re A.Y. (1993), 111 Nfld. & P.E.I.R. 91, e registrou que o juiz Wells observou que o tratamento tinha menos de quarenta por cento de probabilidade de ser eficaz, não era ‘essential’ e era contrário aos desejos do adolescente maduro. Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994Source: Supreme Court of Canada, 26 de junho de 2009
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: A organização cita decisões desse tipo como reivindicações da consciência e dos direitos das crianças, um enquadramento que tornou explícito no artigo complementar de 1995.
Mostrar as provas (2 fontes)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.6-8 · pars. 29-37 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“For the following reasons, the applications of the Director of Child Welfare are dismissed; the child is not in need of protection; the use of blood or blood products for the purposes of blood transfusion or injection have not been demonstrated to be essential, and in the particular circumstances of this case, could be harmful.”
The article prints extracts from the decision of Wells J of the Supreme Court of Newfoundland, given on Monday 19 July 1993, and states that the decision was later published in the Human Rights Law Journal of 30 September 1993. Further extracts record the judge’s findings that the boy was ‘mature beyond any normal expectation’ and that forcing treatment on him would drastically reduce his suitability for that treatment.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, He ‘Remembered His Creator in the Days of His Youth’
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
Notes.The judgment is reported as Re A.Y. (1993), 111 Nfld. & P.E.I.R. 91 (Nfld. S.C.); the Human Rights Law Journal printing cited by the magazine was not opened.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-yeatts-wells-decision
26 de junho de 2009 · pp.[2009] 2 S.C.R. 181 at 221-222 · paras. 62-63 (and para. 128 per McLachlin CJ) · Abella J · Supreme Court of Canada
“In Re L.D.K. (1985), 48 R.F.L. (2d) 164 (Ont. Prov. Ct. (Fam. Div.)), for example, the patient was a 12-year-old girl suffering from acute myeloid leukaemia. … In Re A.Y. (1993), 111 Nfld. & P.E.I.R. 91 (Nfld. S.C.), the court was faced with an application from the Director of Child Welfare to impose treatment on a 15-year-old Jehovah’s Witness who had cancer.”
The Supreme Court of Canada’s own summary of the two Canadian decisions described in the 22 May 1994 Awake!. Of Re L.D.K. the Court records that two doctors put the odds of a favourable outcome at around 30 per cent, that Main Prov. Ct. J. found ‘the emotional trauma [the child] would experience’ in forced treatment would outweigh the anticipated benefits (p. 169), and that he concluded ‘[T]his child’s life is equally in danger whichever path is taken’ (p. 170). Of Re A.Y. it records that Wells J noted the treatment was less than 40 per cent likely to be effective, was not ‘essential’, and was contrary to the mature adolescent’s wishes, so that he was not a child in need of protection. At para. 128 the Chief Justice describes the same boy as ‘a 15-year-old boy suffering from terminal cancer’.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Supreme Court of Canada, A.C. v. Manitoba (Director of Child and Family Services), 2009 SCC 30, [2009] 2 S.C.R. 181
Nota de confiança.The official Supreme Court of Canada PDF of the judgment was downloaded from decisions.scc-csc.ca (with a Referer header, since the file otherwise returns 403), converted to text with pdftotext and read; paragraphs 62, 63 and 128 were confirmed word for word.
Notes.This is the best available confirmation of the citations for the Kosack and Yeatts proceedings. Neither law report was opened directly; CanLII is bot-blocked in this environment.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-scc-ac-paras-62-63
Declaração explícita · 13 de setembro de 1993Verificado
Depois da audiência, o médico que o tratava disse a Adrian Yeatts que ele tinha uma ou duas semanas de vida; ele viveu mais oito semanas, foi batizado num tanque de fisioterapia de um hospital em 12 de setembro de 1993 e morreu no dia seguinte. Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
Mostrar as provas (2 fontes)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, He ‘Remembered His Creator in the Days of His Youth’
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
22 de maio de 1994 · p.8 · par. 42 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“So the nurses kindly arranged for him to use one of the stainless steel tanks in the physiotherapy room. He was baptized there September 12; he died the next day, September 13.”
The closing of the mother’s account. Baptism is the act by which a person formally becomes one of Jehovah’s Witnesses; Adrian was baptised the day before he died, having refused blood since March of that year.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, He ‘Remembered His Creator in the Days of His Youth’
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
Declaração explícita · 22 de maio de 1994Verificado
O artigo se encerra na voz da própria revista: ‘By rejecting blood transfusions that could conceivably have extended his present life, Adrian Yeatts showed himself to be one of the many young people who put God first.’ Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: Atualmente, o JW.org descreve como mito a afirmação de que Testemunhas, inclusive crianças, morrem todo ano por recusar sangue, e acrescenta que ‘no one can say for certain that a patient will die because of refusing blood or will live because of accepting it’.
Mostrar as provas (2 fontes)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.8 · par. 45 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“By rejecting blood transfusions that could conceivably have extended his present life, Adrian Yeatts showed himself to be one of the many young people who put God first.”
The final sentence of the article, written in the magazine’s own voice rather than a family member’s.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, He ‘Remembered His Creator in the Days of His Youth’
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
22 de maio de 1994 · p.2 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“In former times thousands of youths died for putting God first. They are still doing it, only today the drama is played out in hospitals and courtrooms, with blood transfusions the issue.”
The contents page introduces the series ‘Youths Who Put God First’ on pages 3–15. It does not name or count the young people pictured on the cover.
Notes.The cover (a montage of photographs of young people beneath the title) is not reproduced on the Online Library; a low-resolution scan hosted by a discovery site was viewed but the number of people pictured could not be reliably counted from it.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g-1994-0522-contents
O segundo artigo, “Youths Who Have ‘Power Beyond What Is Normal’”, traça o perfil de mais quatro jovens. Lenae Martinez, de 12 anos, de Fresno, Califórnia, é a primeira.
At 6:30 a.m., September 22, 1993, Lenae fell asleep in death in the arms of her mother.
Os médicos disseram a Lenae Martinez, de doze anos, com os pais dela fora da sala, que as transfusões prolongariam sua vida por cerca de três a seis meses e que, sem sangue, ela morreria em poucos dias; ela respondeu que não se afastaria de Deus ‘for six months of life’. Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: O artigo apresenta esse diálogo como prova da maturidade dela e registra que os médicos e o advogado saíram e disseram aos pais dela: ‘she thinks and talks like an adult and is able to make her own decisions’.
Mostrar as provas (1 fonte)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.10 · pars. 12-17 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
““But blood transfusions will prolong your life. If you refuse blood, you will die in a few days.” “If I take blood,” Lenae asked, “how long will that prolong my life?” “About three to six months,” they answered.”
Two doctors and a lawyer spoke to Lenae Martinez, 12, alone at Valley Children’s Hospital, Fresno, California, having asked her parents to leave. She replied that she would not turn away from God ‘for six months of life’.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
Declaração explícita · 22 de setembro de 1993Verificado
Nenhuma ordem judicial foi pedida no caso de Lenae Martinez: uma comissão de ética do Valley Children’s Hospital, em Fresno, que incluía um professor de ética da Fresno State University, tratou-a como menor madura, e ela morreu às 6h30 de 22 de setembro de 1993. Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: O artigo registra que os pais e os amigos dela ficaram ‘deeply grateful’ por o hospital ter reconhecido a maturidade dela e por não ter sido necessário um processo judicial.
Mostrar as provas (2 fontes)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.10 · par. 18 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“This committee, made up of doctors and other health-care professionals, along with a professor of ethics from Fresno State University, made the decision to allow Lenae to make her own decisions with regard to her medical treatment. They considered Lenae a mature minor. No court order was sought.”
The article records that the hospital’s ethics committee, not a court, decided that Lenae was a mature minor. Hers is the only one of the four accounts in this article in which no court became involved.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
22 de maio de 1994 · p.10 · pars. 19-20 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“After a long, difficult night, at 6:30 a.m., September 22, 1993, Lenae fell asleep in death in the arms of her mother. … There were 482 who attended the memorial service, including doctors, nurses, and teachers, who had been impressed by Lenae’s faith and integrity.”
The article gives the date and hour of death and the attendance at the memorial service, and adds that her parents and friends were ‘deeply grateful’ that no court case had been necessary.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
Lisa Kosack, de 12 anos, de Toronto, foi objeto do processo de Ontário geralmente citado como Re L.D.K. O artigo traz o relato dela mesma sobre a noite em que recebeu a primeira transfusão.
She died peacefully at home, in the loving arms of her mother and father.
Lisa Kosack, de doze anos, contou ter sido transfundida à meia-noite de sua primeira noite no Hospital for Sick Children, em Toronto, depois de ter dito à enfermeira que era uma das Testemunhas de Jeová; o hospital pediu uma ordem judicial na manhã seguinte e, após uma audiência de cinco dias realizada no próprio hospital, o juiz Main concluiu que ela sofrera discriminação por motivo de religião e de idade, nos termos do artigo 15(1) da Carta Canadense, e que seu direito à segurança da pessoa, previsto no artigo 7, havia sido violado. Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: O juiz a descreveu como ‘a beautiful, extremely intelligent, articulate, courteous, sensitive and, most importantly, a courageous person’, dotada de ‘wisdom and maturity well beyond her years’, e negou o pedido.
Mostrar as provas (3 fontes)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.12 · par. 32 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“At midnight a nurse came in and said: ‘I have to give you some blood.’ I cried out: ‘I can’t take blood because I’m one of Jehovah’s Witnesses! I hope you know that! I hope you know that!’ ‘Well, yes, I do,’ she said, and immediately pulled out my IV and shoved in the blood. I was crying and becoming hysterical.”
Lisa Kosack’s own account, quoted in the article, of her first night at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto. She was 12 and had acute myeloid leukaemia. The hospital sought a court order the following morning.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
22 de maio de 1994 · p.14 · pars. 46-51 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“I must find that she has been discriminated against on the basis of her religion and her age pursuant to s. 15(1). In these circumstances, upon being given a blood transfusion, her right to the security of her person pursuant to s. 7 was infringed.”
Extracts printed in the article from the decision of Judge Main. The sections cited are sections 7 and 15(1) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. He also said he refused to make any order that would put the child through the ordeal of a forced transfusion, described her as ‘courageous’ with ‘wisdom and maturity well beyond her years’, and dismissed the application.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
Notes.Reported as Re L.D.K. (1985), 48 R.F.L. (2d) 164 (Ont. Prov. Ct. (Fam. Div.)). The law report itself was not opened; the citation is confirmed from the Supreme Court of Canada.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-kosack-judgment
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.13-14 · pars. 35-44 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
““Do you want to die?” “No, I don’t think anybody wants to die, but if I do die I’m not going to be scared, because I know that I have the hope of everlasting life in a paradise on earth.””
Lisa gave evidence on the fourth day of a five-day hearing held in a room at the hospital before Judge David R. Main, with Lisa present throughout. The article reports that the doctors prescribed multiple transfusions and intensive chemotherapy and put the rate of cure at 30 per cent.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
O processo descrito no artigo está publicado como Re L.D.K. (1985), 48 R.F.L. (2d) 164 (Ontario Provincial Court, Family Division); a Suprema Corte do Canadá o resumiu em A.C. v. Manitoba, registrando que dois médicos estimavam em cerca de trinta por cento as chances de um desfecho favorável e que o juiz concluiu que o tratamento forçado causaria um trauma emocional maior que o benefício previsto. Source: Supreme Court of Canada, 26 de junho de 2009Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
26 de junho de 2009 · pp.[2009] 2 S.C.R. 181 at 221-222 · paras. 62-63 (and para. 128 per McLachlin CJ) · Abella J · Supreme Court of Canada
“In Re L.D.K. (1985), 48 R.F.L. (2d) 164 (Ont. Prov. Ct. (Fam. Div.)), for example, the patient was a 12-year-old girl suffering from acute myeloid leukaemia. … In Re A.Y. (1993), 111 Nfld. & P.E.I.R. 91 (Nfld. S.C.), the court was faced with an application from the Director of Child Welfare to impose treatment on a 15-year-old Jehovah’s Witness who had cancer.”
The Supreme Court of Canada’s own summary of the two Canadian decisions described in the 22 May 1994 Awake!. Of Re L.D.K. the Court records that two doctors put the odds of a favourable outcome at around 30 per cent, that Main Prov. Ct. J. found ‘the emotional trauma [the child] would experience’ in forced treatment would outweigh the anticipated benefits (p. 169), and that he concluded ‘[T]his child’s life is equally in danger whichever path is taken’ (p. 170). Of Re A.Y. it records that Wells J noted the treatment was less than 40 per cent likely to be effective, was not ‘essential’, and was contrary to the mature adolescent’s wishes, so that he was not a child in need of protection. At para. 128 the Chief Justice describes the same boy as ‘a 15-year-old boy suffering from terminal cancer’.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Supreme Court of Canada, A.C. v. Manitoba (Director of Child and Family Services), 2009 SCC 30, [2009] 2 S.C.R. 181
Nota de confiança.The official Supreme Court of Canada PDF of the judgment was downloaded from decisions.scc-csc.ca (with a Referer header, since the file otherwise returns 403), converted to text with pdftotext and read; paragraphs 62, 63 and 128 were confirmed word for word.
Notes.This is the best available confirmation of the citations for the Kosack and Yeatts proceedings. Neither law report was opened directly; CanLII is bot-blocked in this environment.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-scc-ac-paras-62-63
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.14 · pars. 46-51 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“I must find that she has been discriminated against on the basis of her religion and her age pursuant to s. 15(1). In these circumstances, upon being given a blood transfusion, her right to the security of her person pursuant to s. 7 was infringed.”
Extracts printed in the article from the decision of Judge Main. The sections cited are sections 7 and 15(1) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. He also said he refused to make any order that would put the child through the ordeal of a forced transfusion, described her as ‘courageous’ with ‘wisdom and maturity well beyond her years’, and dismissed the application.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
Notes.Reported as Re L.D.K. (1985), 48 R.F.L. (2d) 164 (Ont. Prov. Ct. (Fam. Div.)). The law report itself was not opened; the citation is confirmed from the Supreme Court of Canada.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-kosack-judgment
Uma jovem de 17 anos em Chicago, nomeada na revista e identificada de forma anônima pelos tribunais de Illinois como E.G., consta como tendo sobrevivido. O caso chegou à Suprema Corte de Illinois, e a sua decisão ainda é citada no direito sobre menores maduros. Aqui seguimos o identificador usado pelo tribunal, porque o argumento não precisa do nome dela.
O artigo registra que, depois de o juízo de primeira instância de Chicago concluir que E.G., de dezessete anos, era uma menor madura, ainda assim autorizou a transfusão, e que ‘the transfusion was forcibly given to Ernestine in spite of her vigorous protests’. Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
Mostrar as provas (1 fonte)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.15 · par. 59 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“The court found that Ernestine was a mature 17-year-old, able to make informed medical decisions; yet, amazingly, the court granted an order allowing blood transfusions. At the hospital two doctors were standing by, transfusion equipment set up, and as soon as the court’s decision came in, the transfusion was forcibly given to Ernestine in spite of her vigorous protests.”
The article’s account of the trial-court stage of the Chicago proceedings reported as In re E.G. It names Dr Stanley Yachnin, Dr Ner Littner and the hospital’s attorney Jane McAtee as witnesses, all three of whom appear in the reported judgments.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
Notes.The reported judgments record that E.G. received several transfusions over a period of weeks under a guardianship order, not a single forced transfusion.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-gregory-forced-transfusion
22 de maio de 1994 · p.15 · par. 63 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“Ernestine had no further transfusions, and she did not die from her leukemia. Ernestine stood firm and put God first, like the other young people mentioned previously. Each one received “power beyond what is normal.””
The closing sentences of the article, and the only statement in the issue about what happened to E.G. after the litigation.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.11-12 · pars. 28-29 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“This guardianship terminated when Crystal was discharged from the hospital. Crystal never needed blood, and none was ever transfused, but it is shocking to see how the court treated Crystal.”
The order giving the hospital temporary custody was made on 22 June 1989 and allowed transfusion only if ‘necessary to protect and save her life’. The article adds that Crystal afterwards graduated from high school with honours and became a full-time minister. The page 12 marker falls inside the preceding sentence.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
22 de maio de 1994 · p.7 · pars. 50-54 (box on page 7, ‘Bloodless Heart Transplant’) · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“On October 29, he performed the heart transplant on Chandra without blood. A month later Chandra was reported doing well.”
A box records that three-year-old the three-year-old in Ohio of Cleveland, Ohio, weighing 19 pounds, received a heart transplant without transfusion from Dr Charles Fraser on 29 October 1993, and quotes The Flint Journal of 1 December 1993 for the surgeon’s remarks about bloodless surgery. She is the only one of the six young people named in the issue who did not make the decision herself.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, He ‘Remembered His Creator in the Days of His Youth’
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
A Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc. atuou como amicus curiae na Suprema Corte de Illinois no caso In re E.G., representada por Donald T. Ridley, de Brooklyn; a organização foi, portanto, participante do litígio que mais tarde descreveu a seus leitores. Source: Illinois Supreme Court, 18 de novembro de 1989
18 de novembro de 1989 · pp.133 Ill. 2d 98 · Ryan J · Illinois Supreme Court
“If the evidence is clear and convincing that the minor is mature enough to appreciate the consequences of her actions, and that the minor is mature enough to exercise the judgment of an adult, then the mature minor doctrine affords her the common law right to consent to or refuse medical treatment.”
The passage the 22 May 1994 Awake! quotes, confirmed against the reported text. Opinion filed 18 November 1989; rehearing denied 29 January 1990; Ward and Clark JJ dissenting. The head matter records that the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc. appeared as amicus curiae, by Donald T. Ridley of Brooklyn, New York.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Illinois Supreme Court, In re E.G., a Minor (The People of the State of Illinois, Appellant, v. E.G., a Minor, Appellee), 133 Ill. 2d 98 (1989), No. 66089
Nota de confiança.The full reported opinion was downloaded from the Caselaw Access Project and read; the quoted sentence, the parties, the date and the amicus entry were confirmed. Justia and CourtListener both refuse automated requests in this environment.
Procedência da digitalização.Caselaw Access Project (Harvard Law School Library) static distribution of the official Illinois Reports text.
Notes.The Court decided the case on common-law grounds and expressly declined to decide the First Amendment question on which the Appellate Court had relied.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-ilsc-1989-eg-standard
A seventeen-year-old in New York City is recorded as never having been transfused: “Crystal never needed blood, and none was ever transfused.”Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
Declaração explícita · 16 de junho de 1989Respaldado
Numa audiência convocada no Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center em 16 de junho de 1989, um médico declarou que, se a jovem de dezessete anos de Nova York resistisse à transfusão, ele a amarraria à cama com contenções nos punhos e nas pernas; o artigo também registra que o juiz de primeira instância não permitiu que ela depusesse nos autos, embora, depois de visitá-la, a tenha chamado de ‘obviously very intelligent’ e ‘capable of expressing herself fully’. Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
Mostrar as provas (2 fontes)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.11 · par. 24 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“He further stated that if Crystal tried to resist the transfusions, he would tie her to the bed with wrist and leg restraints to accomplish the procedure. Crystal told the doctors that she would “scream and holler” if they attempted to transfuse her and that as one of Jehovah’s Witnesses, she viewed any forcible administration of blood to be as repulsive as rape.”
Evidence at a hearing convened at Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, on the morning of 16 June 1989, after the hospital applied to the Supreme Court of the State of New York for authority to transfuse the New York seventeen-year-old, 17, who had inflammatory bowel disease.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
22 de maio de 1994 · p.11 · pars. 25-26 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“Despite her attorney’s repeated requests at the hearing, Crystal was denied the opportunity to speak for herself before the court to demonstrate her decision-making ability. … After the visit the trial judge said that Crystal was “obviously very intelligent” and “very articulate” and explained that Crystal “certainly was sound in mind” and “capable of expressing herself fully.””
The article states that the judge visited Crystal in her room for about twenty minutes but would not let her give evidence on the record, and characterises this as a denial of due process, bodily self-determination, privacy and religious freedom.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
Declaração explícita · 22 de junho de 1989Respaldado
O tribunal de Nova York concedeu ao hospital a custódia temporária da jovem de dezessete anos de Nova York em 22 de junho de 1989, para transfusão apenas se fosse necessária para salvar a vida dela; o artigo registra que ‘Crystal never needed blood, and none was ever transfused’ e que um médico havia previsto que ela estaria morta em 16 de junho. Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: O artigo tira a lição de forma explícita: ‘When doctors wanting court orders to give blood declare blatantly that if the judge doesn’t comply immediately, the patient will die, let them remember the case of the New York seventeen-year-old.’ Este é o argumento mais forte da organização nessa edição e deve ser citado.
Mostrar as provas (2 fontes)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.11-12 · pars. 28-29 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“This guardianship terminated when Crystal was discharged from the hospital. Crystal never needed blood, and none was ever transfused, but it is shocking to see how the court treated Crystal.”
The order giving the hospital temporary custody was made on 22 June 1989 and allowed transfusion only if ‘necessary to protect and save her life’. The article adds that Crystal afterwards graduated from high school with honours and became a full-time minister. The page 12 marker falls inside the preceding sentence.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
22 de maio de 1994 · p.11 · par. 24 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“He further stated that if Crystal tried to resist the transfusions, he would tie her to the bed with wrist and leg restraints to accomplish the procedure. Crystal told the doctors that she would “scream and holler” if they attempted to transfuse her and that as one of Jehovah’s Witnesses, she viewed any forcible administration of blood to be as repulsive as rape.”
Evidence at a hearing convened at Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, on the morning of 16 June 1989, after the hospital applied to the Supreme Court of the State of New York for authority to transfuse the New York seventeen-year-old, 17, who had inflammatory bowel disease.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
A boxed item in the first article adds a sixth case: a three-year-old girl in Ohio, who received a bloodless heart transplant in October 1993 and was “reported doing well” a month later.Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
Onde a revista e os autos do processo divergem
Um dos seis relatos pode ser comparado diretamente com uma decisão judicial publicada, porque o caso foi julgado pela Suprema Corte de Illinois e a decisão está publicada nos repertórios. Os dois relatos não coincidem em todos os detalhes. Expomos a diferença em vez de resolvê-la: a decisão judicial é o registro mais formal, a revista é o relato da própria organização, e o leitor pode pesar os dois.
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: A descrição que a revista faz da decisão de segunda instância como ‘a two-to-one decision’ é exata, e a revista cita palavra por palavra o critério de menor madura fixado pela Suprema Corte de Illinois.
18 de novembro de 1989 · pp.133 Ill. 2d 98 · Ryan J · Illinois Supreme Court
“On April 8, 1987, further hearings were held on this matter. E.G., having received several blood transfusions, was strong enough to take the stand.”
The reported facts: E.G. was diagnosed in February 1987 with acute nonlymphatic leukaemia; a temporary guardian with power to consent to transfusions was appointed on 25 February 1987; the trial court’s final ruling came on 18 May 1987; E.G. turned 18 on 25 November 1987. The Court also records her evidence that she asked to be sedated before the transfusions and said ‘[I]t seems as if everything that I wanted or believe in was just being disregarded.’ The Appellate Court reports the same events as ‘Appellant began receiving transfusions pursuant to this ruling.’
Notes.The reported facts describe a course of transfusions over roughly six weeks under a guardianship order; the Awake! account describes a single transfusion given ‘in spite of her vigorous protests’.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-ilsc-1989-eg-transfusions
23 de setembro de 1987 · pp.161 Ill. App. 3d 765 · White J (Freeman J concurring; McNamara PJ dissenting) · Illinois Appellate Court
“The court found probable cause to believe that appellant was medically neglected and appointed the hospital official temporary custodian with power to consent to all medical treatment. Appellant began receiving transfusions pursuant to this ruling.”
The intermediate decision the Awake! article describes as ‘a two-to-one decision’ — accurately: Justice White wrote, Justice Freeman concurred and Presiding Justice McNamara dissented at length. The court ordered E.G. partially emancipated and granted her the right to accept or refuse transfusions, but affirmed the trial court’s finding that she had been medically neglected.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Illinois Appellate Court, First District (3rd Division), In re E.G., a Minor, 161 Ill. App. 3d 765 (1987), Nos. 87—1791, 87—2065 cons.
Nota de confiança.The full reported opinion and head matter were downloaded from the Caselaw Access Project on 19 September 2026 and read; the composition of the court and the disposition were confirmed.
Procedência da digitalização.Caselaw Access Project (Harvard Law School Library) static distribution of the official Illinois Appellate Court Reports text.
Notes.The Illinois Supreme Court later affirmed in part and reversed in part, on common-law rather than constitutional grounds, and remanded for the neglect finding against the mother to be expunged.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-ilapp-1987-eg
18 de novembro de 1989 · pp.133 Ill. 2d 98 · Ryan J · Illinois Supreme Court
“If the evidence is clear and convincing that the minor is mature enough to appreciate the consequences of her actions, and that the minor is mature enough to exercise the judgment of an adult, then the mature minor doctrine affords her the common law right to consent to or refuse medical treatment.”
The passage the 22 May 1994 Awake! quotes, confirmed against the reported text. Opinion filed 18 November 1989; rehearing denied 29 January 1990; Ward and Clark JJ dissenting. The head matter records that the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc. appeared as amicus curiae, by Donald T. Ridley of Brooklyn, New York.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Illinois Supreme Court, In re E.G., a Minor (The People of the State of Illinois, Appellant, v. E.G., a Minor, Appellee), 133 Ill. 2d 98 (1989), No. 66089
Nota de confiança.The full reported opinion was downloaded from the Caselaw Access Project and read; the quoted sentence, the parties, the date and the amicus entry were confirmed. Justia and CourtListener both refuse automated requests in this environment.
Procedência da digitalização.Caselaw Access Project (Harvard Law School Library) static distribution of the official Illinois Reports text.
Notes.The Court decided the case on common-law grounds and expressly declined to decide the First Amendment question on which the Appellate Court had relied.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-ilsc-1989-eg-standard
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.15 · par. 59 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“The court found that Ernestine was a mature 17-year-old, able to make informed medical decisions; yet, amazingly, the court granted an order allowing blood transfusions. At the hospital two doctors were standing by, transfusion equipment set up, and as soon as the court’s decision came in, the transfusion was forcibly given to Ernestine in spite of her vigorous protests.”
The article’s account of the trial-court stage of the Chicago proceedings reported as In re E.G. It names Dr Stanley Yachnin, Dr Ner Littner and the hospital’s attorney Jane McAtee as witnesses, all three of whom appear in the reported judgments.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
Notes.The reported judgments record that E.G. received several transfusions over a period of weeks under a guardianship order, not a single forced transfusion.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-gregory-forced-transfusion
Ao lado dos relatos pessoais, a edição trazia quadros que expunham os perigos da transfusão. Vale observar como foram construídos, porque este site se impõe um padrão de citação de fontes e é justo aplicar aqui o mesmo padrão.
Um quadro na página 13 reúne oito citações sobre o risco das transfusões, três delas atribuídas a um médico identificado pelo nome e nenhuma delas com indicação de volume, número ou página; o dado que o quadro atribui ao New England Journal of Medicine de 14 de dezembro de 1989 — o de que uma unidade de sangue pode conter vírus suficiente para causar até 1,75 milhão de infecções — corresponde aritmeticamente ao título plasmático médio de 3.500 doses infectantes para cultura de tecidos por mililitro relatado naquela edição em pacientes com AIDS, multiplicado pelo volume de uma unidade; uma dose infectante para cultura de tecidos é uma medida laboratorial de infecção de células em cultura, e nenhum dos dois artigos daquela edição trata de transfusão ou de número de pessoas infectadas. Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994Source: The New England Journal of Medicine, 14 de dezembro de 1989Source: The American Journal of Surgery, setembro de 1986
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: O quadro também cita o professor Charles H. Baron, da Boston College Law School: ‘All of American society has benefited… patients in general, are today less likely to be given unnecessary blood transfusions because of the work of the Witnesses’ Hospital Liaison Committees’. Esta página não avalia se essa afirmação a respeito da conservação de sangue é correta; nenhuma fonte a respeito dela foi consultada.
Mostrar as provas (3 fontes)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.13 · pars. 64-73 (box on page 13, ‘Dangers of Blood Transfusion’) · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“The New England Journal of Medicine, issue of December 14, 1989, reported that a single unit of blood may carry enough AIDS virus to cause up to 1.75 million infections!”
A box set between the Lisa Kosack and E.G. accounts gathers eight short quotations on transfusion risk, from the New England Journal of Medicine, the book Autologous and Directed Blood Programs (1987), Dr Charles Huggins (‘It is the most dangerous substance we use in medicine’), Surgery Annual (‘Clearly, the safest transfusion is the one not given’), Dr John S. Spratt in The American Journal of Surgery of September 1986, Emergency Medicine, Pathologist, and Professor Charles H. Baron of Boston College Law School.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
Notes.The box gives no volume, issue or page number for any of the eight quotations. Three of them name a person (Dr Charles Huggins, Dr John S. Spratt and Dr Charles H. Baron); the other five are attributed only to a journal or a book title.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-dangers-of-transfusion-box
14 de dezembro de 1989 · pp.321(24):1621-1625 · Ho DD, Moudgil T, Alam M · Massachusetts Medical Society
“The mean titers in plasma were 30, 3500, and 3200 tissue-culture-infective doses (TCID) per milliliter for patients with asymptomatic infection, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and the AIDS-related complex, respectively.”
The 22 May 1994 Awake! box on page 13 attributes to ‘The New England Journal of Medicine, issue of December 14, 1989’ the statement that ‘a single unit of blood may carry enough AIDS virus to cause up to 1.75 million infections’. That issue (vol. 321 no. 24) contains two papers reporting HIV titres in blood: this one and Coombs RW et al., ‘Plasma viremia in human immunodeficiency virus infection’, 321(24):1626-1631 (confirmed on PubMed, PMID 2511447). A tissue-culture-infective dose is a laboratory measure of how much virus is needed to infect cells in culture; neither paper discusses transfusion, units of blood, or the number of people who might be infected.
Nota de procedência e verificação for The New England Journal of Medicine, Quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in the blood of infected persons
Nota de confiança.The abstract and bibliographic record were retrieved through the NCBI E-utilities service on 19 September 2026 and read, and retrieved again independently by the auditor; the PubMed web page itself returns HTTP 203 and a cookie wall to automated clients and could not be opened directly. the quoted sentence is from the published abstract. The full text behind the paywall was not opened, and the Awake! box gives no author or page, so the box’s figure could not be traced to a specific sentence in either paper.
Notes.The figure in the Awake! box corresponds arithmetically to this paper: 3,500 tissue-culture-infective doses per millilitre multiplied by the roughly 500 millilitres in a unit of whole blood gives 1,750,000. That correspondence is an inference drawn here, not something either paper states; and the 3,500 figure is the mean plasma titre reported for patients who had AIDS, not a figure for donated blood.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-nejm-1989-ho
setembro de 1986 · pp.152(3):337 · Spratt JS · Elsevier
“Blood transfusions and surgery for cancer”
The 22 May 1994 Awake! box on page 13 attributes to ‘Dr. John S. Spratt’ in ‘The American Journal of Surgery, issue of September 1986’ the sentence ‘The cancer surgeon may need to become a bloodless surgeon.’ An article by that author, with that title, in that journal and month does exist.
Nota de procedência e verificação for The American Journal of Surgery, Blood transfusions and surgery for cancer
Nota de confiança.The bibliographic record was confirmed on 19 September 2026 through the NCBI E-utilities service: Spratt JS, ‘Blood transfusions and surgery for cancer’, Am J Surg 1986 Sep;152(3):337. The PubMed web page itself returns HTTP 203 and a cookie wall to automated clients, so it could not be opened directly. The text of the article was not opened, so the quoted sentence itself is not verified — only the citation.
Notes.The seven other quotations in the same box give no volume or page. Two of them name a person (Dr Charles Huggins and Dr Charles H. Baron) and five are attributed only to a journal or book title; none was traced.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-spratt-1986
The cover carries the title “Youths Who Put God First” over a montage of photographs of young people, with three figures in the foreground. Commentators frequently state that the cover shows twenty-six children and that all of them died refusing blood. We looked for support for that in the issue itself and did not find it: the contents page and the two articles do not identify the people pictured, do not give a count, and report outcomes only for the six people named above, half of whom the issue says were alive. We viewed a low-resolution scan of the cover hosted by a discovery site and could not reliably count the photographs from it.Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
22 de maio de 1994 · p.2 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“In former times thousands of youths died for putting God first. They are still doing it, only today the drama is played out in hospitals and courtrooms, with blood transfusions the issue.”
The contents page introduces the series ‘Youths Who Put God First’ on pages 3–15. It does not name or count the young people pictured on the cover.
Notes.The cover (a montage of photographs of young people beneath the title) is not reproduced on the Online Library; a low-resolution scan hosted by a discovery site was viewed but the number of people pictured could not be reliably counted from it.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g-1994-0522-contents
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.3-8 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“I just could not live with myself if I am given blood.”
The article, narrated by his father, describes Adrian Yeatts of Newfoundland, Canada, aged 14, diagnosed with a fast-growing abdominal lymphoma in March 1993 and subsequently leukaemia. Newfoundland’s Supreme Court (Justice Robert Wells) held in July 1993 that he was a mature minor whose refusal of blood would be respected. He was baptised in a hospital physiotherapy tank on 12 September 1993 and the article records that he died the next day. A boxed item describes a bloodless heart transplant for three-year-old the three-year-old in Ohio of Ohio in October 1993, reported a month later as doing well. The article also records the medical advice as the family reported it: Dr Jardine 'explained that a very aggressive chemotherapy program with blood transfusions was the only way Adrian could possibly live'; 'chemotherapy was started, without the transfusions'; and it closes by saying that he rejected transfusions 'that could conceivably have extended his present life'.
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.9-15 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“After a long, difficult night, at 6:30 a.m., September 22, 1993, Lenae fell asleep in death in the arms of her mother.”
The article profiles four young people: Lenae Martinez, 12, Fresno, California, leukaemia — recorded as having died on 22 September 1993; the New York seventeen-year-old, 17, New York City, inflammatory bowel disease — ‘Crystal never needed blood, and none was ever transfused’; Lisa Kosack, 12, Toronto, acute myeloid leukaemia — ‘She died peacefully at home, in the loving arms of her mother and father’; E.G., 17, Chicago, leukaemia — ‘Ernestine had no further transfusions, and she did not die from her leukemia.’ E.G. (par. 59) was transfused once under a trial-court order 'in spite of her vigorous protests'; the Illinois Appellate Court and the Illinois Supreme Court then upheld her right to refuse (pars. 60-61), and the article records that she 'had no further transfusions, and she did not die from her leukemia' (par. 63).
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have ‘Power Beyond What Is Normal’
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026; names, ages, places and outcome sentences confirmed from the article text.
Notes.Together with the first article, the issue names six young people: three recorded as having died and three recorded as alive at the time of writing.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g-1994-0522-power-beyond-normal
A capa traz o cabeçalho com o nome da revista, a linha de data ‘May 22, 1994’ e, num painel que atravessa o terço inferior, o título ‘Youths Who Put God First’; três jovens aparecem fotografados em cores no primeiro plano, diante de uma parede de pequenos retratos de jovens impressos em tom claro, alguns deles sobrepostos, cortados na borda da página ou escondidos atrás do cabeçalho e das figuras do primeiro plano. Source: JWfacts.com, 19 de setembro de 2026
The cover carries the Awake! masthead with the date line ‘May 22, 1994’ and, in a bordered blue panel across the lower third, the title ‘Youths Who Put God First’ in yellow capitals. In front of a wall of small portrait photographs of young people, overlapping and printed in a pale washed-out tint, stand three young people photographed in full colour: a girl on the left, a boy in the centre and a girl on the right, all smiling at the camera. The background photographs are partly hidden by the masthead at the top and by the three foreground figures at the bottom, and some are cut off by the edge of the page.
No online copy located.
Nota de procedência e verificação for JWfacts.com, Scan of the cover of Awake!, 22 May 1994, on the page ‘Blood Transfusions’
Nota de confiança.The image was downloaded and viewed on 19 September 2026 and enlarged for examination; the description is of what can be seen in that scan. It is a low-resolution third-party scan with no stated provenance, so it is not treated as a verified reproduction of the printed cover. No reliable count of the background photographs can be made from it: the rows overlap, are obscured and are cropped at the page edge. At least twenty background portraits are at least partly visible.
Notes.Recorded for location and description only. The site should describe the cover in words and, if it points anywhere at all, link rather than rehost.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-cover-scan-jwfacts
19 de setembro de 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
“cvr_placeholder.jpg”
The organisation publishes no image of this issue’s cover. The JW.org page for the 22 May 1994 Awake! renders a generic cover placeholder in place of a cover image; the Watchtower Online Library carries the text of the twelve articles with no illustrations, though it retains the printed issue’s picture and picture-credit lines for pages 16, 19, 21, 23, 26, 31 and 32; and the official publication file offered by the JW.org pub-media service (g_E_19940522.jwpub) contains a text-only database whose multimedia table is empty. No PDF or EPUB edition is offered for this issue.
Nota de procedência e verificação for JW.org / Watchtower Online Library, Awake!, 22 May 1994 — the official digital editions
Nota de confiança.The JW.org magazine page, the Watchtower Online Library issue listing and article pages, the pub-media response for pub=g and issue=19940522, and the publication database inside the official .jwpub file were each opened on 19 September 2026. The quoted string is the file name of the placeholder image served on the JW.org page.
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.1-32 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“He ‘Remembered His Creator in the Days of His Youth’ … Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal””
The issue runs to 32 pages and contains twelve items. The official publication file records the page range of each: Page Two (2); ‘He “Remembered His Creator in the Days of His Youth”’ (3-8); ‘Youths Who Have “Power Beyond What Is Normal”’ (9-15); ‘Alligators—Rare, White, and Blue-Eyed!’ (16-17); ‘What If I Fall For an Unbeliever?’ (18-20); ‘Is the Bible Irrelevant?’ (21); ‘Your Chop Your Signature’ (22-24); ‘Put Humor Into Your Life’ (25-27); ‘Watching the World’ (28-29); ‘From Our Readers’ (30); ‘Contaminated Blood Given to Hemophiliacs’ (31); ‘The “Godly Fear” District Convention Is At Hand’ (32). The two blood articles occupy pages 3-15, thirteen of the issue's thirty-two pages. Neither of them is headed ‘Youths Who Put God First’: that is the cover title. Inside the issue the phrase occurs only in the page 2 contents item, which reads ‘Youths Who Put God First 3-15’ (Watchtower Online Library document 101994360, par. 2; src-g-1994-0522-contents), and in the magazine’s own 1994 annual index.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Awake!, 22 May 1994 (complete issue; official publication file g_E_19940522.jwpub)
Nota de confiança.The issue listing was opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026, and the official publication file g_E_19940522.jwpub (linked from the JW.org pub-media service at https://cfp2.jw-cdn.org/a/044135e/2/o/g_E_19940522.jwpub) was downloaded and its publication database read directly; the twelve documents and their first and last page numbers are taken from that file. Both steps were repeated independently by the auditor on 19 September 2026: the twelve rows of the Document table and their FirstPageNumber and LastPageNumber values match, and the pub-media service offers this issue in JWPUB format only, with an empty pubImage entry.
Notes.The official publication file contains no multimedia records at all (the Multimedia, DocumentMultimedia and ExtractMultimedia tables are empty and the manifest lists no images), so the authorised digital edition of this issue carries no photographs or illustrations. The printed issue did carry pictures: the Watchtower Online Library text retains picture and picture-credit lines for pages 16, 19, 21, 23, 26, 31 and 32. There is no such line in either of the two blood articles.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-issue-contents-map
A afirmação amplamente repetida de que a capa mostra vinte e seis crianças que teriam todas morrido por recusar sangue não pôde ser estabelecida: o número não aparece em parte alguma da edição, o único site consultado para este registro não indica fonte, a única imagem de capa em um desses sites é um derivado recortado, e não um escaneamento, e os retratos do segundo plano no único escaneamento localizado não podem ser contados com segurança, porque se sobrepõem e estão parcialmente encobertos. Source: AvoidJW.org, 20 de março de 2026 (unverified)Source: JWfacts.com, 19 de setembro de 2026Source: Awake!, 22 de maio de 1994
A representative statement of the widely repeated claim that the cover pictures twenty-six children who all died refusing blood. The page gives no source for the figure and none for the assertion that those pictured died.
Nota de procedência e verificação for AvoidJW.org, Jehovah’s Witnesses Change Blood Doctrine — What About the Losses?
Nota de confiança.The page and its banner image were opened on 19 September 2026, and again independently by the auditor; the page carries the line ‘Published: March 20th, 2026’ and the phrase quoted above appears on it verbatim. The figure of twenty-six appears nowhere in the magazine, is not sourced on this page, and could not be confirmed from the only cover scan located; the image on the page is a derivative graphic and is not evidence of a count.
Procedência da digitalização.Banner image hosted by AvoidJW.org. On inspection it is not a scan of the cover but a cropped, re-tinted derivative showing only the three foreground figures and a fragment of the background, with the masthead, the date line and the title panel removed. The copy consulted is hosted by a third party and its lawfulness is not established, so no link to it is published here.
Notes.Recorded so that the site can explain, and decline to repeat, the claim — not as evidence for it.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-cover-claim-avoidjw
The cover carries the Awake! masthead with the date line ‘May 22, 1994’ and, in a bordered blue panel across the lower third, the title ‘Youths Who Put God First’ in yellow capitals. In front of a wall of small portrait photographs of young people, overlapping and printed in a pale washed-out tint, stand three young people photographed in full colour: a girl on the left, a boy in the centre and a girl on the right, all smiling at the camera. The background photographs are partly hidden by the masthead at the top and by the three foreground figures at the bottom, and some are cut off by the edge of the page.
No online copy located.
Nota de procedência e verificação for JWfacts.com, Scan of the cover of Awake!, 22 May 1994, on the page ‘Blood Transfusions’
Nota de confiança.The image was downloaded and viewed on 19 September 2026 and enlarged for examination; the description is of what can be seen in that scan. It is a low-resolution third-party scan with no stated provenance, so it is not treated as a verified reproduction of the printed cover. No reliable count of the background photographs can be made from it: the rows overlap, are obscured and are cropped at the page edge. At least twenty background portraits are at least partly visible.
Notes.Recorded for location and description only. The site should describe the cover in words and, if it points anywhere at all, link rather than rehost.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-cover-scan-jwfacts
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · p.2 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“In former times thousands of youths died for putting God first. They are still doing it, only today the drama is played out in hospitals and courtrooms, with blood transfusions the issue.”
The contents page introduces the series ‘Youths Who Put God First’ on pages 3–15. It does not name or count the young people pictured on the cover.
Notes.The cover (a montage of photographs of young people beneath the title) is not reproduced on the Online Library; a low-resolution scan hosted by a discovery site was viewed but the number of people pictured could not be reliably counted from it.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g-1994-0522-contents
Isto importa pela mesma razão que tudo neste site importa. O registro documentado já é grave o bastante: a revista da própria organização descreveu crianças morrendo por causa do sangue e apresentou isso como colocar Deus em primeiro lugar. Exagerar seria impreciso, e a imprecisão custa a confiança do leitor.
O que aconteceu depois
A edição não foi um caso isolado, e não foi retirada.
Declaração explícita · 8 de dezembro de 1994Verificado
A organização publicou respostas de leitores à série em Despertai! de 22 de outubro e de 8 de dezembro de 1994, entre elas a de um jovem de dezessete anos na Alemanha, que escreveu ‘Dying doesn’t scare me, but the thought of disregarding Jehovah’s laws does’, e a de um jovem de dezoito anos na Nigéria, que ‘could not stop crying when I came to see that these faithful children died’. Source: Awake!, 8 de dezembro de 1994Source: Awake!, 22 de outubro de 1994
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: As cartas foram selecionadas e impressas pela revista e constituem o registro da própria organização sobre como ela pretendia que a série fosse lida e como entendeu que ela foi lida.
Mostrar as provas (2 fontes)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
8 de dezembro de 1994 · p.30 · pars. 2-15 (‘Faithful Youths’) · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“I am 18 years old. I was thrilled and shaken when I read the articles yesterday. I could not stop crying when I came to see that these faithful children died. Their faith has made me ask myself whether I could, under such conditions, keep my integrity.”
Seven reader letters printed under the heading ‘Faithful Youths’, from the United States, Germany (two), Austria, Nigeria, Italy and Japan. Another, from a 17-year-old in Germany, reads: ‘I am 17 years old and have been afraid of finding myself in such a situation one day. Dying doesn’t scare me, but the thought of disregarding Jehovah’s laws does. It would be awful to give in under pressure. The article gave me much strength.’ A third says the writer afterwards read the booklet How Can Blood Save Your Life? and ‘now know[s] how to behave should I ever be in a similar situation’.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, From Our Readers
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
Notes.These are letters the organisation itself selected and published, and are evidence of how the series was received and of the use to which it was put.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-readers-1994-1208
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de outubro de 1994 · p.30 · par. 13 (letter under the running head ‘Youths Resist Blood Transfusions’); signature at par. 14 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“I am 12 years old, and I have just read the series “Youths Who Put God First.” (May 22, 1994) I was very impressed by the courage that these young Christian brothers and sisters showed, facing death with such confidence in Jehovah and in the resurrection. Their courage and faith in Jehovah made me weep with joy.”
The first published reader response to the series, signed ‘B. C. R., Spain’, printed under the heading ‘Youths Resist Blood Transfusions’ five months after the issue.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, From Our Readers
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: O artigo de 1995 apresenta o desfecho como um ganho para todos, citando um editorial do Telegraph Journal segundo o qual a decisão foi ‘a victory not just for Jehovah’s Witnesses, but for us all’, e o Canadian Medical Association Journal a respeito das diretrizes que ela fixou.
Mostrar as provas (3 fontes)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de janeiro de 1995 · pp.11-15 · pars. 3-4, 39-40 · Awake! correspondent in Canada · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“Joshua died October 4, 1994.”
Eight months after the ‘Youths Who Put God First’ issue, Awake! carried a five-page account of Joshua Walker, 15, of New Brunswick, who had acute myeloid leukaemia. It quotes Chief Justice W. L. Hoyt of the New Brunswick Court of Appeal (‘The evidence here is overwhelming that Joshua is sufficiently mature’), a Telegraph Journal editorial calling the decision ‘a victory not just for Jehovah’s Witnesses, but for us all’, and the Canadian Medical Association Journal. The article’s final line, standing on its own, records his death.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Joshua’s Faith—A Victory for Children’s Rights
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
Notes.The appeal is reported as Region 2 Hospital Corp. v. Walker (1994), 150 N.B.R. (2d) 366 (C.A.), a citation confirmed from the Supreme Court of Canada in A.C. v. Manitoba.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-walker-1995
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
1 de julho de 1994 · pp.29-31 · pars. 1-5 · As told by friends of Brunella Inconditi · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
“Two days before she expected to symbolize her dedication by water baptism, Brunella learned that she had leukemia.”
Six weeks after the Awake! series, The Watchtower carried a comparable account of Brunella Inconditi of Montreal, who learned she had leukaemia in July 1990 at the age of 15. The current Watch Tower index tags the article ‘(blood case)’.
Nota de procedência e verificação for The Watchtower, “I Have Observed the Faith”
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026 and the wording, page marker and paragraph confirmed against the article text.
The organisation’s current cumulative index, covering 1986 to 2026, lists these young people by name under Canada, each tagged ‘(blood case)’, together with ‘Inconditi, Brunella (blood case): w94 7/1 29-31’ and ‘Cadoreth, April: kr 162-164’. The index also supplies the page range of each account.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Watch Tower Publications Index 1986-2026, Canada (subheading ‘persons’)
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026, the day after the announced change to the blood position; the entries and page ranges were read from the index page itself.
Notes.The index is the organisation’s own finding aid. Its continued listing of these accounts as ‘blood case’ entries is the clearest available evidence that the 1994 and 1995 articles remain part of the published corpus.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-wt-index-1986-2026-canada
The organisation’s current cumulative index, covering 1986 to 2026, lists these young people by name under Canada, each tagged ‘(blood case)’, together with ‘Inconditi, Brunella (blood case): w94 7/1 29-31’ and ‘Cadoreth, April: kr 162-164’. The index also supplies the page range of each account.
Nota de procedência e verificação for Watch Tower Publications Index 1986-2026, Canada (subheading ‘persons’)
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026, the day after the announced change to the blood position; the entries and page ranges were read from the index page itself.
Notes.The index is the organisation’s own finding aid. Its continued listing of these accounts as ‘blood case’ entries is the clearest available evidence that the 1994 and 1995 articles remain part of the published corpus.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g94d-wt-index-1986-2026-canada
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.3-8 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“I just could not live with myself if I am given blood.”
The article, narrated by his father, describes Adrian Yeatts of Newfoundland, Canada, aged 14, diagnosed with a fast-growing abdominal lymphoma in March 1993 and subsequently leukaemia. Newfoundland’s Supreme Court (Justice Robert Wells) held in July 1993 that he was a mature minor whose refusal of blood would be respected. He was baptised in a hospital physiotherapy tank on 12 September 1993 and the article records that he died the next day. A boxed item describes a bloodless heart transplant for three-year-old the three-year-old in Ohio of Ohio in October 1993, reported a month later as doing well. The article also records the medical advice as the family reported it: Dr Jardine 'explained that a very aggressive chemotherapy program with blood transfusions was the only way Adrian could possibly live'; 'chemotherapy was started, without the transfusions'; and it closes by saying that he rejected transfusions 'that could conceivably have extended his present life'.
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.9-15 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“After a long, difficult night, at 6:30 a.m., September 22, 1993, Lenae fell asleep in death in the arms of her mother.”
The article profiles four young people: Lenae Martinez, 12, Fresno, California, leukaemia — recorded as having died on 22 September 1993; the New York seventeen-year-old, 17, New York City, inflammatory bowel disease — ‘Crystal never needed blood, and none was ever transfused’; Lisa Kosack, 12, Toronto, acute myeloid leukaemia — ‘She died peacefully at home, in the loving arms of her mother and father’; E.G., 17, Chicago, leukaemia — ‘Ernestine had no further transfusions, and she did not die from her leukemia.’ E.G. (par. 59) was transfused once under a trial-court order 'in spite of her vigorous protests'; the Illinois Appellate Court and the Illinois Supreme Court then upheld her right to refuse (pars. 60-61), and the article records that she 'had no further transfusions, and she did not die from her leukemia' (par. 63).
Nota de procedência e verificação for Awake!, Youths Who Have ‘Power Beyond What Is Normal’
Nota de confiança.Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026; names, ages, places and outcome sentences confirmed from the article text.
Notes.Together with the first article, the issue names six young people: three recorded as having died and three recorded as alive at the time of writing.
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-g-1994-0522-power-beyond-normal
A atualização do Corpo Governante de 18 de setembro de 2026, que tornou os quatro componentes primários do sangue uma decisão pessoal, não faz nenhuma referência a quem morreu sob a posição anterior, nem nenhuma aos artigos de 1994 ou 1995; refere-se ao passado apenas para descrever a aplicação anterior que a própria organização fez do princípio e sua Atualização do Corpo Governante n.º 2 de 2026; seu arquivo oficial de legendas em inglês não contém nenhuma ocorrência de ‘1994’, ‘young’ ou ‘minor’. Source: JW Broadcasting, 18 de setembro de 2026Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), 18 de setembro de 2026
A posição da organização ou explicação posterior: O artigo que a acompanha apresenta a mudança como fruto de ‘further prayerful consideration’ e afirma que o Corpo Governante ‘is not authorized to “go beyond the things that are written”’.
Mostrar as provas (2 fontes)
Publicação primária das Testemunhas de JeováVerificado
18 de setembro de 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
“After further prayerful consideration, the Governing Body has decided that this same principle applies to the four primary components of whole blood —that’s red cells, white cells, plasma, and platelets— that are derived from another person’s blood. Therefore, each Christian must make his own personal decision about the use of these four primary components in all medical and surgical care.”
The update announcing the change to the position on blood components. Read in full, the caption file contains no reference to anyone who died under the previous position, no reference to the 1994 or 1995 articles, and no occurrence of ‘1994’, ‘young’ or ‘minor’. The single occurrence of ‘children’ is in the phrase ‘to take the lives of unborn children’; the single occurrence of ‘previous’ concerns a convention announcement.
Nota de procedência e verificação for JW Broadcasting, 2026 Governing Body Update #6 (official English subtitle file)
Nota de confiança.The official caption file was downloaded again on 19 September 2026 by the auditor, stripped of timestamps and read in full (about 10,000 characters); the quotation above is the verbatim caption wording. The wording previously recorded here (‘Jehovah’s Witnesses don’t accept transfusions of whole blood…’) appears neither in this caption file nor on the JW.org news page, and was removed in the independent audit.
Procedência da digitalização.Official English closed-caption file served by the organisation’s own content delivery network (cfp2.jw-cdn.org) for media item docid-1112024060.
18 de setembro de 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
“After further prayerful consideration, the Governing Body has decided that this same principle applies to the four primary components of whole blood—red cells, white cells, plasma, and platelets—that are derived from another person’s blood. Therefore, each Christian must make his own personal decision about the use of these four primary components in all medical and surgical care.”
The article also states that Witnesses ‘do not accept transfusions of whole blood, nor do we donate blood that would be used as a whole blood transfusion to another person’, that each Christian must decide whether to donate blood ‘for the clearly expressed purpose of providing components or fractions’, and that it reflects what was shared in the 2026 Governing Body Update #6 and will appear in a future issue of The Watchtower.
Notes.The article carries the note: ‘This article reflects what was shared in the 2026 Governing Body Update #6 and will appear in a future issue of The Watchtower.’ It also states the Governing Body ‘is not authorized to “go beyond the things that are written”’ (1 Corinthians 4:6).
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-jw-2026-0918-qfr-respect-life
As of 19 September 2026, JW.org’s FAQ on blood transfusions describes the statement that ‘many Witnesses, including children, die each year as a result of refusing blood transfusions’ as a myth, says such patients ‘usually fare as well as or better than those who do accept transfusions’, citing cardiac-surgery and blood-management literature in footnotes, and adds that ‘no one can say for certain that a patient will die because of refusing blood or will live because of accepting it’.Source: JW.org Frequently Asked Questions, 19 de setembro de 2026The 1994 issue, by contrast, records three deaths among six named children and frames the deaths of youths as continuing. Both statements are the organisation’s. Readers can weigh them together.
Myth: Many Witnesses, including children, die each year as a result of refusing blood transfusions. Fact: This statement is totally unfounded. Surgeons regularly perform such complex procedures as heart operations, orthopedic surgery, and organ transplants without the use of blood transfusions. Patients, including children, who do not receive transfusions usually fare as well as or better than those who do accept transfusions. In any case, no one can say for certain that a patient will die because of refusing blood or will live because of accepting it.
O que as mudanças de 2026 alteram, e o que não alteram
In 1994 the organisation’s published position was the one in the 1990 brochure: Witnesses ‘do not accept transfusions of whole blood, red cells, white cells, platelets, or blood plasma’.Source: How Can Blood Save Your Life? (brochure), 1990The articles say the young people refused ‘blood’ and ‘blood products’ without naming components. On 18 September 2026, red cells, white cells, platelets and plasma from another person became personal decisions.Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), 18 de setembro de 2026
1990 · footnote to par. 12 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
“Witnesses do not accept transfusions of whole blood, red cells, white cells, platelets, or blood plasma.”
The footnote continues by referring readers to The Watchtower of 1 June 1990, pages 30–31, for minor fractions such as immune globulin. The section describes non-blood volume expanders (saline, dextran, Haemaccel, lactated Ringer’s solution, hetastarch) as acceptable.
Nota de procedência e verificação for How Can Blood Save Your Life? (brochure), Quality Alternatives to Transfusion
Nota de confiança.Text opened on JW.org on 19 September 2026 and the footnote wording confirmed. The 1990 publication year is the brochure’s own imprint date as catalogued by the Watchtower Online Library (publication code hb); the JW.org page does not display a year.
15 de outubro de 2000 · pp.30-31 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
“Hence, we do not donate blood, nor do we store for transfusion our blood that should be ‘poured out.’ That practice conflicts with God’s law.”
The question asked was: ‘In the light of Bible commands about the proper use of blood, how do Jehovah’s Witnesses view medical procedures using one’s own blood?’ The article said that depositing one’s own blood weeks before surgery ‘directly contradicts’ Leviticus and Deuteronomy, while procedures in which the patient’s blood stays in a continuous circuit (haemodilution, cell salvage, heart-lung machines, dialysis) were left for each Christian to decide.
18 de setembro de 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
“After further prayerful consideration, the Governing Body has decided that this same principle applies to the four primary components of whole blood—red cells, white cells, plasma, and platelets—that are derived from another person’s blood. Therefore, each Christian must make his own personal decision about the use of these four primary components in all medical and surgical care.”
The article also states that Witnesses ‘do not accept transfusions of whole blood, nor do we donate blood that would be used as a whole blood transfusion to another person’, that each Christian must decide whether to donate blood ‘for the clearly expressed purpose of providing components or fractions’, and that it reflects what was shared in the 2026 Governing Body Update #6 and will appear in a future issue of The Watchtower.
Notes.The article carries the note: ‘This article reflects what was shared in the 2026 Governing Body Update #6 and will appear in a future issue of The Watchtower.’ It also states the Governing Body ‘is not authorized to “go beyond the things that are written”’ (1 Corinthians 4:6).
Consultado em. 19 de setembro de 2026 · Identificador da fonte.src-jw-2026-0918-qfr-respect-life
Não dizemos que qualquer um dos jovens aqui nomeados teria sobrevivido sob as regras de 2026. As suas circunstâncias médicas não estão plenamente documentadas, e o desfecho de uma doença grave nunca é garantido. O que se pode dizer é mais restrito e mais firme: uma categoria de tratamento que era proibida sob pena de consequências congregacionais quando eles estavam doentes é hoje, segundo a declaração da própria organização, uma decisão na qual a congregação ‘não vai se envolver’.
Como conferir isto você mesmo
Nada nesta página lhe pede que acredite em nós. A edição está no próprio site da organização, e estes são os passos para você mesmo lê-la, na íntegra e no contexto.
Abra a Biblioteca On-line Watchtower em wol.jw.org. Esta é a biblioteca da própria organização, não uma cópia mantida por terceiros. O link leva diretamente ao sumário da Despertai! de 22 de maio de 1994.
Leia o sumário primeiro. A frase citada no topo desta página está lá, na apresentação que a própria edição faz de si mesma.
Abra os dois artigos principais, “They Remembered Their Creator” e “Youths Who Have ‘Power Beyond What Is Normal’”, páginas 3 a 15. Todas as citações desta página vêm de um deles, e cada referência abaixo leva ao artigo exato.
Compare com o artigo atual. A declaração da organização de 18 de setembro de 2026 também está no seu próprio site, e está com link em todas as páginas desta seção.
Se alguma citação aqui não corresponder ao que você ler, avise-nos e nós a corrigiremos publicamente. É para isso que existe o processo de correções, e o registro de correções é aberto.
Citar ou compartilhar esta página. O endereço estável é https://jwtruth.org/pt-br/blood/youths-who-put-god-first/. Cada afirmação nela tem o seu próprio link permanente, e a lista completa de fontes abaixo sai na impressão com as suas referências visíveis.
Fontes citadas nesta página
Show all 50 sources, in date order
Each opens a full record with links, provenance and a confidence note.
23 de setembro de 1987 · pp.161 Ill. App. 3d 765 · White J (Freeman J concurring; McNamara PJ dissenting) · Illinois Appellate Court
“The court found probable cause to believe that appellant was medically neglected and appointed the hospital official temporary custodian with power to consent to all medical treatment. Appellant began receiving transfusions pursuant to this ruling.”
18 de novembro de 1989 · pp.133 Ill. 2d 98 · Ryan J · Illinois Supreme Court
“If the evidence is clear and convincing that the minor is mature enough to appreciate the consequences of her actions, and that the minor is mature enough to exercise the judgment of an adult, then the mature minor doctrine affords her the common law right to consent to or refuse medical treatment.”
18 de novembro de 1989 · pp.133 Ill. 2d 98 · Ward J · Illinois Supreme Court
“The safeguarding of health and the preservation of life are obviously different conditions from one in which a minor will be held to have a common law right, as the majority puts it, to refuse medical treatment and sometimes in effect take his own life.”
14 de dezembro de 1989 · pp.321(24):1621-1625 · Ho DD, Moudgil T, Alam M · Massachusetts Medical Society
“The mean titers in plasma were 30, 3500, and 3200 tissue-culture-infective doses (TCID) per milliliter for patients with asymptomatic infection, the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and the AIDS-related complex, respectively.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.2 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“In former times thousands of youths died for putting God first. They are still doing it, only today the drama is played out in hospitals and courtrooms, with blood transfusions the issue.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.4 · pars. 11-14 (Watchtower Online Library paragraph ids p11-p14) · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“Dr. Jardine asked, “Do you realize that you could die if you don’t take a blood transfusion?” “Yes.” “And you’re willing to do that?” “If that’s what it takes.””
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.4-5 · par. 16 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“Mom, it’s not a good trade. To disobey God and extend my life for a few years now and then because of my disobedience to God lose out on a resurrection and living forever in his paradise earth—that’s just not smart!”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.5 · par. 17 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“The biopsy was performed on March 18. It showed that Adrian had a large lymphoma tumor. A subsequent bone marrow biopsy confirmed the fear that he had developed leukemia.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.6 · par. 24 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“I won’t agree to blood or let it be used; no way. I know I could die if no blood is used. But that is my decision. No one talked me into that. … The way I feel is that if I’m given any blood that will be like raping me, molesting my body. … Please respect me and my wishes.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.6 · pars. 26-27 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“I was alert to the consideration whether his parents [had imposed] upon him their opposition to blood use in the medical treatment of him. … I was satisfied [that] he exercised a mind of his own in expressing his wish for medical treatment absent blood.”
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.6-8 · pars. 29-37 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“For the following reasons, the applications of the Director of Child Welfare are dismissed; the child is not in need of protection; the use of blood or blood products for the purposes of blood transfusion or injection have not been demonstrated to be essential, and in the particular circumstances of this case, could be harmful.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.8 · par. 42 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“So the nurses kindly arranged for him to use one of the stainless steel tanks in the physiotherapy room. He was baptized there September 12; he died the next day, September 13.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.8 · par. 45 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“By rejecting blood transfusions that could conceivably have extended his present life, Adrian Yeatts showed himself to be one of the many young people who put God first.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.10 · pars. 12-17 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
““But blood transfusions will prolong your life. If you refuse blood, you will die in a few days.” “If I take blood,” Lenae asked, “how long will that prolong my life?” “About three to six months,” they answered.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.10 · par. 18 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“This committee, made up of doctors and other health-care professionals, along with a professor of ethics from Fresno State University, made the decision to allow Lenae to make her own decisions with regard to her medical treatment. They considered Lenae a mature minor. No court order was sought.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.10 · pars. 19-20 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“After a long, difficult night, at 6:30 a.m., September 22, 1993, Lenae fell asleep in death in the arms of her mother. … There were 482 who attended the memorial service, including doctors, nurses, and teachers, who had been impressed by Lenae’s faith and integrity.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.11 · par. 24 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“He further stated that if Crystal tried to resist the transfusions, he would tie her to the bed with wrist and leg restraints to accomplish the procedure. Crystal told the doctors that she would “scream and holler” if they attempted to transfuse her and that as one of Jehovah’s Witnesses, she viewed any forcible administration of blood to be as repulsive as rape.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.11 · pars. 25-26 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“Despite her attorney’s repeated requests at the hearing, Crystal was denied the opportunity to speak for herself before the court to demonstrate her decision-making ability. … After the visit the trial judge said that Crystal was “obviously very intelligent” and “very articulate” and explained that Crystal “certainly was sound in mind” and “capable of expressing herself fully.””
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.11-12 · pars. 28-29 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“This guardianship terminated when Crystal was discharged from the hospital. Crystal never needed blood, and none was ever transfused, but it is shocking to see how the court treated Crystal.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.12 · par. 32 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“At midnight a nurse came in and said: ‘I have to give you some blood.’ I cried out: ‘I can’t take blood because I’m one of Jehovah’s Witnesses! I hope you know that! I hope you know that!’ ‘Well, yes, I do,’ she said, and immediately pulled out my IV and shoved in the blood. I was crying and becoming hysterical.”
22 de maio de 1994 · pp.13-14 · pars. 35-44 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
““Do you want to die?” “No, I don’t think anybody wants to die, but if I do die I’m not going to be scared, because I know that I have the hope of everlasting life in a paradise on earth.””
22 de maio de 1994 · p.14 · pars. 46-51 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“I must find that she has been discriminated against on the basis of her religion and her age pursuant to s. 15(1). In these circumstances, upon being given a blood transfusion, her right to the security of her person pursuant to s. 7 was infringed.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.14 · par. 52 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“Lisa did, indeed, fight her disease with dignity and peace of mind. She died peacefully at home, in the loving arms of her mother and father. In so doing she joined the ranks of many other youthful Witnesses of Jehovah who put God first.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.15 · par. 59 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“The court found that Ernestine was a mature 17-year-old, able to make informed medical decisions; yet, amazingly, the court granted an order allowing blood transfusions. At the hospital two doctors were standing by, transfusion equipment set up, and as soon as the court’s decision came in, the transfusion was forcibly given to Ernestine in spite of her vigorous protests.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.15 · pars. 60-62 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“If the evidence is clear and convincing that the minor is mature enough to appreciate the consequences of her actions, and that the minor is mature enough to exercise the judgment of an adult, then the mature minor doctrine affords her the common law right to consent to or refuse medical treatment.”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.15 · par. 63 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“Ernestine had no further transfusions, and she did not die from her leukemia. Ernestine stood firm and put God first, like the other young people mentioned previously. Each one received “power beyond what is normal.””
22 de maio de 1994 · p.13 · pars. 64-73 (box on page 13, ‘Dangers of Blood Transfusion’) · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“The New England Journal of Medicine, issue of December 14, 1989, reported that a single unit of blood may carry enough AIDS virus to cause up to 1.75 million infections!”
22 de maio de 1994 · p.31 · pars. 1-6 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“BLOOD has become a two-billion-dollar-a-year business. The pursuit of profits from it has resulted in a gigantic tragedy in France. HIV-contaminated blood caused the death of 250 hemophiliacs in AIDS-related illnesses, with hundreds more infected.”
22 de outubro de 1994 · p.30 · par. 13 (letter under the running head ‘Youths Resist Blood Transfusions’); signature at par. 14 · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“I am 12 years old, and I have just read the series “Youths Who Put God First.” (May 22, 1994) I was very impressed by the courage that these young Christian brothers and sisters showed, facing death with such confidence in Jehovah and in the resurrection. Their courage and faith in Jehovah made me weep with joy.”
8 de dezembro de 1994 · p.30 · pars. 2-15 (‘Faithful Youths’) · Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.
“I am 18 years old. I was thrilled and shaken when I read the articles yesterday. I could not stop crying when I came to see that these faithful children died. Their faith has made me ask myself whether I could, under such conditions, keep my integrity.”
26 de junho de 2009 · pp.[2009] 2 S.C.R. 181 at 221-222 · paras. 62-63 (and para. 128 per McLachlin CJ) · Abella J · Supreme Court of Canada
“In Re L.D.K. (1985), 48 R.F.L. (2d) 164 (Ont. Prov. Ct. (Fam. Div.)), for example, the patient was a 12-year-old girl suffering from acute myeloid leukaemia. … In Re A.Y. (1993), 111 Nfld. & P.E.I.R. 91 (Nfld. S.C.), the court was faced with an application from the Director of Child Welfare to impose treatment on a 15-year-old Jehovah’s Witness who had cancer.”
18 de setembro de 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
“After further prayerful consideration, the Governing Body has decided that this same principle applies to the four primary components of whole blood —that’s red cells, white cells, plasma, and platelets— that are derived from another person’s blood. Therefore, each Christian must make his own personal decision about the use of these four primary components in all medical and surgical care.”
18 de setembro de 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
“After further prayerful consideration, the Governing Body has decided that this same principle applies to the four primary components of whole blood—red cells, white cells, plasma, and platelets—that are derived from another person’s blood. Therefore, each Christian must make his own personal decision about the use of these four primary components in all medical and surgical care.”
19 de setembro de 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania
“Myth: Many Witnesses, including children, die each year as a result of refusing blood transfusions. Fact: This statement is totally unfounded. Surgeons regularly perform such complex procedures as heart operations, orthopedic surgery, and organ transplants without the use of blood transfusions. Patients, including children, who do not receive transfusions usually fare as well as or better than those who do accept transfusions. In any case, no one can say for certain that a patient will die because of refusing blood or will live because of accepting it.”
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