Source recordPeer-reviewed / scholarlyverified1980sChronology and 607 BCE

Source record · Peer-reviewed / scholarly

electronic Babylonian Library (eBL), fragment VAT.4956, “Astronomical diary for year 37 of Nebuchadnezzar II, obverse line 3”

1988pp. 46-53 (ADART I, No. -567)Source ID src-chr-e-ebl-vat4956-line3Accessed 19 September 2026
Peer-reviewed / scholarly Verified

electronic Babylonian Library (eBL), fragment VAT.4956, “Astronomical diary for year 37 of Nebuchadnezzar II, obverse line 3”

1988 · pp.46-53 (ADART I, No. -567) · Abraham J. Sachs and Hermann Hunger (edition); Reinhard Pirngruber (digital edition) · Oesterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna (print edition)

“Night of the 9th (error for: 8th), beginning of the night, the moon stood 1 cubit in front of the hind leg of the Lion (= β Virginis).”

This is the line on which the Watch Tower's 2011 argument turns. The published edition prints the tablet's '9th' and marks it as a scribal error for the 8th; the editors do not silently alter the text.

Provenance and verification note for electronic Babylonian Library (eBL), fragment VAT.4956, Astronomical diary for year 37 of Nebuchadnezzar II, obverse line 3

Confidence note. Read in the eBL API record downloaded on 19 September 2026. The transliteration shows the number as written and the English translation carries the editorial note “(error for: 8th)”, exactly as the Watchtower of 1 November 2011 describes. The star name is printed by the editors as “β Virginis” and is reproduced here unchanged.

Scan provenance. electronic Babylonian Library (eBL), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen. The edition reproduced there is that of Sachs and Hunger, digitised by Reinhard Pirngruber for the Astronomical Diaries Digital project (Austrian Academy of Sciences), CC BY-SA 3.0.

Corroborated by. src-chr-e-w11-1101-vat4956-box

Accessed. 19 September 2026 · Source ID. src-chr-e-ebl-vat4956-line3