Blood doctrine1940s1950s1960s1970s1980s1990s2000s2020sEvidence collection

Glavna zbirka dokaza

The blood rule changed

Što su publikacije Jehovinih svjedoka govorile o transfuziji krvi od 1945. nadalje, što govore danas i kako se točno stajalište mijenjalo. Svaka izjava u nastavku vodi do teksta same organizacije.

Posljednji put pregledano: 19. rujna 2026 Whole blood: still prohibited Four components: personal decision since 18 Sept 2026

Ukratko

Kratak odgovor

Da, pravilo se promijenilo. Službena literatura izričito je zabranjivala transfuziju pune krvi i njezine četiri glavne komponente. U rujnu 2026. Vodeće tijelo zadržalo je zabranu pune krvi, ali su crvene krvne stanice, bijele krvne stanice, plazma i krvne pločice postale stvar osobne odluke.

Published position, 1990 to 18 September 2026

Five categories not accepted

Witnesses do not accept transfusions of whole blood, red cells, white cells, platelets, or blood plasma.

How Can Blood Save Your Life? (brochure), “Quality Alternatives to Transfusion”, 1990, footnote to par. 12 Provjereno Open source (otvara se u novoj kartici)

Na dan 19. rujna 2026., dan nakon objave, brošura je i dalje na JW.org s nepromijenjenom bilješkom; ponovno ćemo provjeriti i zabilježiti svaku izmjenu u evidenciji ispravaka. Rubrika „Pitanja čitalaca“ iz lipnja 2000. izrazila je to još snažnije:

Jehovah's Witnesses hold that accepting whole blood or any of those four primary components violates God's law.

The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers — Do Jehovah's Witnesses accept any medical products derived from blood?”, 15 June 2000, pp. 29-31 Provjereno Open source (otvara se u novoj kartici)

Announced 18 September 2026

Four categories become personal decisions

After further prayerful consideration, the Governing Body has decided that this same principle applies to the four primary components of whole blood—red cells, white cells, plasma, and platelets—that are derived from another person’s blood. Therefore, each Christian must make his own personal decision about the use of these four primary components in all medical and surgical care.

JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 Provjereno Open source (otvara se u novoj kartici)

The same article keeps the whole-blood prohibition in place and adds that donating blood ‘for the clearly expressed purpose of providing components or fractions’ is a personal decision. Source: JW.org Global News (press release), 18. rujna 2026

Jehovah’s Witnesses do not accept transfusions of whole blood, nor do we donate blood that would be used as a whole blood transfusion to another person. We also do not eat blood or unbled meat. However, whether to accept components or fractions derived from another person’s blood is a decision for each Christian to make.

JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 Provjereno Open source (otvara se u novoj kartici)

Precision matters. This is not permission for whole blood. It is permission, as a matter of conscience, for the four components used in almost all modern transfusion practice: the World Health Organization reports that 98% of donated blood in high-income countries is separated into components, and the NHS lists red cells, platelets and plasma as what patients are given; it does not mention whole blood. Source: World Health Organization fact sheet, 12. lipnja 2026 Source: NHS (nhs.uk), 16. siječnja 2025 Calling the 2026 change ‘no change’ depends on narrowing ‘blood transfusion’ to whole blood only. Calling it ‘lifting the ban’ ignores that whole blood remains prohibited.

Nekad i sad: tablica pravila

„Zabranjeno“ znači da je organizacija taj postupak predstavljala kao nešto što se kosi s Božjim zakonom, a ne samo kao nešto što se s medicinskog stajališta ne preporučuje. Svako polje niže vodi do publikacije na kojoj se temelji.

The published position on each use of blood, by period
Blood use 1945 to 1999From the 1945 prohibition2000 to Feb 2026Four components named20 March 2026Governing Body Update 218 September 2026Governing Body Update 6
Whole blood from another person Prohibited Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 1 July 1951, pp. 414-416 source “Violates God’s law” Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers — Do Jehovah's Witnesses accept any medical products derived from blood?”, 15 June 2000, pp. 29-31 source Prohibited Source: JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”, 20 March 2026 source Still prohibited Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
Red blood cells Prohibited Source: Awake!, “Jehovah's Witnesses—The Surgical/Ethical Challenge”, 22 June 1982, pp. 25-27 source “Violates God’s law” Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers — Do Jehovah's Witnesses accept any medical products derived from blood?”, 15 June 2000, pp. 29-31 source Prohibited Source: How Can Blood Save Your Life? (brochure), “Quality Alternatives to Transfusion”, 1990, footnote to par. 12 source Personal decision Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
White blood cells Prohibited Source: Awake!, “Jehovah's Witnesses—The Surgical/Ethical Challenge”, 22 June 1982, pp. 25-27 source “Violates God’s law” Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers — Do Jehovah's Witnesses accept any medical products derived from blood?”, 15 June 2000, pp. 29-31 source Prohibited Source: How Can Blood Save Your Life? (brochure), “Quality Alternatives to Transfusion”, 1990, footnote to par. 12 source Personal decision Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
Platelets Prohibited Source: Awake!, “Jehovah's Witnesses—The Surgical/Ethical Challenge”, 22 June 1982, pp. 25-27 source “Violates God’s law” Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers — Do Jehovah's Witnesses accept any medical products derived from blood?”, 15 June 2000, pp. 29-31 source Prohibited Source: How Can Blood Save Your Life? (brochure), “Quality Alternatives to Transfusion”, 1990, footnote to par. 12 source Personal decision Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
Plasma Prohibited (named 1982) Source: Awake!, “Jehovah's Witnesses—The Surgical/Ethical Challenge”, 22 June 1982, pp. 25-27 source “Violates God’s law” Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers — Do Jehovah's Witnesses accept any medical products derived from blood?”, 15 June 2000, pp. 29-31 source Prohibited Source: How Can Blood Save Your Life? (brochure), “Quality Alternatives to Transfusion”, 1990, footnote to par. 12 source Personal decision Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
Your own blood, stored and given back Prohibited Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 1 March 1989, pp. 30-31 source “Conflicts with God’s law” Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 15 October 2000, pp. 30-31 source Personal decision Source: JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”, 20 March 2026 source Personal decision Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
Minor fractionsalbumin, immune globulin, clotting factors Mixed: 1958 “judgment”, 1961 “wrong”, 1978 “gray area” Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 1 November 1961, pp. 669-672 source Personal decision Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 1 June 1990, pp. 30-31 source Personal decision Source: Keep Yourselves in God's Love (book), “Appendix: Blood Fractions and Surgical Procedures”, 2008 source Personal decision Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
Donating blood for components or fractions A disfellowshipping matter (1961) Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 15 January 1961, pp. 63-64 source “We do not donate blood” Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 15 October 2000, pp. 30-31 source Unchanged Source: JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”, 20 March 2026 source Personal decision Source: JW.org Global News (press release), “Jehovah’s Witnesses: Each Witness Now Decides Whether to Accept or Donate Main Blood Components”, 18 September 2026 source

The published position on each use of blood, by period

  • Prohibited — Presented as conflicting with God’s law, not merely discouraged.
  • Personal decision — Left to the individual’s conscience; no congregational consequence.
  • Mixed or changing — The published position moved within the period.

Where a period is shown as a single status, the published position did not move within it. The ‘mixed’ cell for minor fractions opens the sequence of statements between 1958 and 1978.

Potpuna tablica, primjena po primjena

Ista četiri razdoblja kroz deset primjena, uključujući i one koje se lako previde: pohranjena vlastita krv, sakupljanje vlastitih krvnih stanica tijekom zahvata, hemodilucija i darivanje krvi.

Published position by period
Blood use1945 to 19992000 to February 202620 March 202618 September 2026
Whole blood from another person Prohibited; disfellowshipping from 1961 Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 15 January 1961, pp. 63-64 source “Violates God’s law” Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers — Do Jehovah's Witnesses accept any medical products derived from blood?”, 15 June 2000, pp. 29-31 source Unchanged Source: JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”, 20 March 2026 source Still prohibited Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
Red blood cells Prohibited (“packed RBCs”) Source: Awake!, “Jehovah's Witnesses—The Surgical/Ethical Challenge”, 22 June 1982, pp. 25-27 source “Violates God’s law” Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers — Do Jehovah's Witnesses accept any medical products derived from blood?”, 15 June 2000, pp. 29-31 source Unchanged Source: JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”, 20 March 2026 source Personal decision Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
White blood cells Prohibited (“WBCs”) Source: Awake!, “Jehovah's Witnesses—The Surgical/Ethical Challenge”, 22 June 1982, pp. 25-27 source “Violates God’s law” Source: The Watchtower, “Be Guided by the Living God”, 15 June 2004, pp. 19-24, pars. 11, 12, 16 source Unchanged Source: JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”, 20 March 2026 source Personal decision Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
Platelets Prohibited (“platelets”) Source: Awake!, “Jehovah's Witnesses—The Surgical/Ethical Challenge”, 22 June 1982, pp. 25-27 source “Violates God’s law” Source: The Watchtower, “Be Guided by the Living God”, 15 June 2004, pp. 19-24, pars. 11, 12, 16 source Unchanged Source: JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”, 20 March 2026 source Personal decision Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
Plasma Prohibited (“plasma” named, 1982) Source: Awake!, “Jehovah's Witnesses—The Surgical/Ethical Challenge”, 22 June 1982, pp. 25-27 source “Plasma” named Source: Keep Yourselves in God's Love (book), “Appendix: Blood Fractions and Surgical Procedures”, 2008 source Unchanged Source: JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”, 20 March 2026 source Personal decision Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
Minor fractions (albumin, immunoglobulins, clotting factors) Serums/gamma globulin: individual judgment 1958, 1961 · life-sustaining fractions “wrong” 1961 · “gray area” 1978 · personal 1982–1990 Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 1 November 1961, pp. 669-672 source Personal decision Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers — Do Jehovah's Witnesses accept any medical products derived from blood?”, 15 June 2000, pp. 29-31 source Unchanged Source: JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”, 20 March 2026 source Personal decision Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
Stored autologous blood (pre-deposit of one’s own blood) “Objectionable” (1982) / excluded (1989) Source: Awake!, “Jehovah's Witnesses—The Surgical/Ethical Challenge”, 22 June 1982, pp. 25-27 source “Conflicts with God’s law” Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 15 October 2000, pp. 30-31 source Personal decision Source: JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”, 20 March 2026 source Personal decision Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
Continuous-circuit own-blood procedures (haemodilution, cell salvage, dialysis, bypass) Conscience where circuit uninterrupted Source: Awake!, “Jehovah's Witnesses—The Surgical/Ethical Challenge”, 22 June 1982, pp. 25-27 source Conscience Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 15 October 2000, pp. 30-31 source Personal decision Source: JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”, 20 March 2026 source Personal decision Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
Donating blood for whole-blood use Not done; a disfellowshipping matter if persisted in (1961) Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 15 January 1961, pp. 63-64 source “We do not donate blood” Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 15 October 2000, pp. 30-31 source Unchanged Source: JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”, 20 March 2026 source Explicitly not done Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”, 18 September 2026 source
Donating blood to provide components or fractions Not done; a disfellowshipping matter if persisted in (1961) Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 15 January 1961, pp. 63-64 source “We do not donate blood” Source: The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”, 15 October 2000, pp. 30-31 source Unchanged Source: JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”, 20 March 2026 source Personal decision Source: JW.org Global News (press release), “Jehovah’s Witnesses: Each Witness Now Decides Whether to Accept or Donate Main Blood Components”, 18 September 2026 source

Donation: the 1961 article treats persistent donation of blood ‘toward the carrying out of this medical practice upon others’ as grounds for disfellowshipping; the 2000 article says ‘we do not donate blood’; neither distinguishes donation for components from donation for whole blood, a distinction first drawn in September 2026.

Što se učilo i što se uči danas

Što se učilo (od 1945. do 2026.)

Što se uči danas (od 18. rujna 2026.)

Kako se objavljeno stajalište razvijalo

Prvotna pravila, kasnije iznimke, osporeni slučaj iz 2000. i dvije izmjene iz 2026. Otvorite bilo koju stavku da pročitate dokaze na licu mjesta.

  1. 1. srpnja 1945
    Objavljeno pravilo Zabranjeno

    The transfusion prohibition enters Watchtower teaching

    The organisation’s own 1993 history dates its position that Christians must abstain from blood transfusions to The Watchtower of 1 July 1945 (‘Immovable for the Right Worship’). The 1945 article itself is not on the Online Library and no lawful scan has been opened, so its wording is not quoted here. Source: Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom (book), 1993Source: The Watchtower, 1. ožujka 1987

    Otvori dokaze The transfusion prohibition enters Watchtower teaching

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-1945-prohibition-introduced, claim-blood-1945-wording-unverified

    #
  2. 1. srpnja 1951
    Objavljeno pravilo Zabranjeno

    ‘Eating it through his veins’

    Questions From Readers says a patient receiving a transfusion ‘is eating it through his veins’. No congregational penalty is mentioned. Source: The Watchtower, 1. srpnja 1951

    Otvori dokaze ‘Eating it through his veins’

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-1951-eating-through-veins, claim-blood-1951-no-penalty-stated

    #
  3. 15. rujna 1958
    Objavljeno pravilo Osobna odluka

    Serums and gamma globulin left to ‘individual judgment’

    Diphtheria antitoxin and gamma globulin are said not to be the same as taking blood as a nutrient; accepting them is ‘a matter of individual judgment’. Source: The Watchtower, 15. rujna 1958

    Otvori dokaze Serums and gamma globulin left to ‘individual judgment’

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-1958-serums-individual-judgment

    #
  4. 15. siječnja 1961
    Objavljeno pravilo Zabranjeno

    Accepting a transfusion becomes a disfellowshipping matter

    Asked whether a baptised Witness who accepts a transfusion is subject to disfellowshipping, The Watchtower answers: ‘The inspired Holy Scriptures answer yes.’ Source: The Watchtower, 15. siječnja 1961

    Otvori dokaze Accepting a transfusion becomes a disfellowshipping matter

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-1961-disfellowshipping

    #
  5. 15. rujna 1961
    Objavljeno pravilo Zabranjeno

    ‘Lifesaving efforts by unscriptural means’

    Two study articles treat transfusion as a violation of divine law: ‘How foolish it is to think that one can save life by violating the laws of the Life-giver!’ The often-quoted ‘temporary prolongation of life’ sentence was not found in either article. Source: The Watchtower, 15. rujna 1961

    Otvori dokaze ‘Lifesaving efforts by unscriptural means’

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-1961-lifesaving-unscriptural-means, claim-blood-1961-prolongation-quote-not-located

    #
  6. 1. studenoga 1961
    Objavljeno pravilo Zabranjeno

    Infusing ‘some blood fraction to sustain one’s life is wrong’

    The 1958 ‘individual judgment’ line is narrowed: a transfusion, ‘or, in lieu of that, the infusing of some blood fraction to sustain one’s life is wrong’. Source: The Watchtower, 1. studenoga 1961

    Otvori dokaze Infusing ‘some blood fraction to sustain one’s life is wrong’

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-1961-fraction-to-sustain-life-wrong

    #
  7. 15. lipnja 1978
    Promjena Osobna odluka

    Serums and haemophilia preparations become a ‘gray area’

    Serums for diphtheria, tetanus, hepatitis, rabies, haemophilia and Rh incompatibility ‘seem to fall into a “gray area”’ to be resolved ‘by each individual on a personal basis’. Source: The Watchtower, 15. lipnja 1978

    Otvori dokaze Serums and haemophilia preparations become a ‘gray area’

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-1978-serums-grey-area

    #
  8. 22. lipnja 1982
    Objavljeno pravilo Zabranjeno

    Components named; stored own blood ‘objectionable’

    A JAMA article reprinted in Awake! states that Witnesses refuse whole blood, packed red cells, white cells and platelets, and that storage-based haemodilution or collection is ‘objectionable’, while continuous-circuit procedures are widely accepted. Source: Awake!, 22. lipnja 1982

    Otvori dokaze Components named; stored own blood ‘objectionable’

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-1982-jama-components, claim-blood-1982-storage-objectionable

    #
  9. 1988
    Događaj

    Hospital Information Services and Hospital Liaison Committees

    The Governing Body sets up Hospital Information Services; by 1996 the organisation reports 6,465 elders serving on Hospital Liaison Committees worldwide. Source: The Watchtower (Study Edition), veljače 2022Source: 1996 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses, 1996

    Otvori dokaze Hospital Information Services and Hospital Liaison Committees

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-1988-hlc

    #
  10. 1. ožujka 1989
    Promjena Osobna odluka

    Cell salvage left to conscience; stored blood still excluded

    A Christian ‘who also would not let blood flow from him, be stored for some time, and later be put back into him’ might accept continuous-circuit salvage. Source: The Watchtower, 1. ožujka 1989

    Otvori dokaze Cell salvage left to conscience; stored blood still excluded
    Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

    The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”

    1. ožujka 1989 · pp.30-31 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

    “another Christian (who also would not let blood flow from him, be stored for some time, and later be put back into him) might conclude that a circuit with recovery from a surgical site and ongoing reinfusion would not violate his trained conscience.”

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-1989-cell-salvage-conscience

    #
  11. 1990
    Objavljeno pravilo Zabranjeno

    Brochure lists five unacceptable categories

    ‘How Can Blood Save Your Life?’ states that Witnesses do not accept whole blood, red cells, white cells, platelets or plasma, while non-blood volume expanders are acceptable. Source: How Can Blood Save Your Life? (brochure), 1990

    Otvori dokaze Brochure lists five unacceptable categories

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-1990-five-categories-rejected

    #
  12. 1. lipnja 1990
    Promjena Osobna odluka

    Immune globulin and albumin: ‘each must resolve the matter personally’

    Injections of fractions such as immune globulin or albumin are for each Christian to decide. Source: The Watchtower, 1. lipnja 1990

    Otvori dokaze Immune globulin and albumin: ‘each must resolve the matter personally’

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-1990-immune-globulin-conscience

    #
  13. 22. svibnja 1994
    Događaj

    Awake! presents young refusers as ‘Youths Who Put God First’

    The issue names six young people who refused blood; it records that three died and three were alive at the time of writing. Source: Awake!, 22. svibnja 1994Source: Awake!, 22. svibnja 1994

    Read the full account

    Otvori dokaze Awake! presents young refusers as ‘Youths Who Put God First’

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-1994-awake-framing, claim-blood-1994-awake-six-named-outcomes

    #
  14. April to June 2000
    Promjena Osporeno

    Disfellowshipping replaced by disassociation for accepting blood

    The congregation no longer initiates disfellowshipping; an unrepentant receiver is treated as having disassociated. The organisation calls this ‘a minor procedural change’ with ‘the same effect’; British newspapers report it as a relaxation, which the organisation disputes. Source: The Guardian, 15. lipnja 2000Source: Deseret News (Associated Press), 24. lipnja 2000Source: Jehovah's Witnesses — Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions, 15. lipnja 2000

    Otvori dokaze Disfellowshipping replaced by disassociation for accepting blood
    Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Potkrijepljeno

    Jehovah's Witnesses — Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions, “Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions”

    15. lipnja 2000 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society (statement); copy hosted by CESNUR

    “This represents a procedural change instituted in April 2000 in which the congregation no longer initiates the action to revoke membership in such cases. However, the end result is the same”

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-2000-procedural-change-disassociation, claim-blood-2000-guardian-report-disputed

    #
  15. 15. lipnja 2000
    Objavljeno pravilo Zabranjeno

    Four primary components ‘violates God’s law’; fractions personal

    ‘Jehovah’s Witnesses hold that accepting whole blood or any of those four primary components violates God’s law.’ Fractions of those components are left to conscience. Source: The Watchtower, 15. lipnja 2000

    Otvori dokaze Four primary components ‘violates God’s law’; fractions personal

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-2000-four-components-fractions

    #
  16. 15. listopada 2000
    Objavljeno pravilo Zabranjeno

    Storing one’s own blood ‘conflicts with God’s law’

    Questions From Readers says Witnesses do not donate blood or store their own blood for transfusion; continuous-circuit procedures are left to the individual. Source: The Watchtower, 15. listopada 2000

    Otvori dokaze Storing one’s own blood ‘conflicts with God’s law’

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-2000-own-blood-conflicts-with-gods-law

    #
  17. 15. lipnja 2004
    Objavljeno pravilo Zabranjeno

    Position restated with a fractions chart

    ‘Jehovah’s Witnesses do not accept transfusions of whole blood or of its four primary components—plasma, red cells, white cells, and platelets.’ Fractions: each Witness decides. Source: The Watchtower, 15. lipnja 2004Source: The Watchtower, 15. lipnja 2004

    Otvori dokaze Position restated with a fractions chart

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-2004-position-restated

    #
  18. 2008 (revised 2014)
    Objavljeno pravilo Zabranjeno

    ‘Keep Yourselves in God’s Love’ appendix

    The appendix directs members to tell doctors that ‘no blood transfusions (whole blood, red cells, white cells, platelets, or blood plasma) be given to me under any circumstances’, and repeats the fractions and own-blood conscience framework. Source: Keep Yourselves in God's Love (book), 2008

    Otvori dokaze ‘Keep Yourselves in God’s Love’ appendix

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-2008-gods-love-appendix

    #
  19. 19. kolovoza 2019
    Događaj

    Official video: parents recount their son’s death after refusing transfusion

    JW Broadcasting publishes Gary and Beth Septer’s account of Jerod, diagnosed with lymphoma in 1991 aged 11, who died in June 1992. Source: JW Broadcasting (JW.org video), 19. kolovoza 2019

    Read about the video

    Otvori dokaze Official video: parents recount their son’s death after refusing transfusion
    Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

    JW Broadcasting (JW.org video), “Gary and Beth Septer: “Jehovah Is Close to the Brokenhearted””

    19. kolovoza 2019 · Duration 6 min 15 s; category ‘Endurance’ (VODIntExpEndurance); media key pub-jwb_E_201908_4_VIDEO · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

    “Jerod was diagnosed with lymphoma cancer in the middle of 1991. We started trying to figure out how we could get him the treatment that he needed, of course, but in no way would we accept a blood transfusion, and neither would Jerod.”

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-2019-septer-video-account

    #
  20. 20. ožujka 2026
    Promjena Osobna odluka

    Own blood: storage and reuse become a personal decision

    2026 Governing Body Update #2 says the Bible ‘does not comment’ on the use of a person’s own blood; each Christian decides. Source: JW.org News, 20. ožujka 2026Source: Associated Press, 20. ožujka 2026

    Otvori dokaze Own blood: storage and reuse become a personal decision
    Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

    JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”

    20. ožujka 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

    “Christians are not under the Mosaic Law. However, we obey the apostolic command to ‘abstain from blood.’ Furthermore, the Bible does not comment on the use of a person’s own blood in medical and surgical care. Therefore, like other choices about health care, each Christian must make his own decision about the use of his own blood in all medical and surgical care.”

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-2026-own-blood-personal

    #
  21. 18. rujna 2026
    Promjena Osobna odluka

    Red cells, white cells, plasma and platelets become personal decisions

    2026 Governing Body Update #6 and a Questions From Readers article make the four primary components, and donation for components or fractions, personal decisions. Whole blood remains prohibited. Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), 18. rujna 2026Source: JW.org Global News (press release), 18. rujna 2026Source: Associated Press, 18. rujna 2026

    Otvori dokaze Red cells, white cells, plasma and platelets become personal decisions
    Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

    JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”

    18. rujna 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

    “After further prayerful consideration, the Governing Body has decided that this same principle applies to the four primary components of whole blood—red cells, white cells, plasma, and platelets—that are derived from another person’s blood. Therefore, each Christian must make his own personal decision about the use of these four primary components in all medical and surgical care.”

    Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

    JW.org Global News (press release), “Jehovah’s Witnesses: Each Witness Now Decides Whether to Accept or Donate Main Blood Components”

    18. rujna 2026 · Office of Public Information, Jehovah’s Witnesses (Paul Gillies quoted) · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

    “The Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses announced on Friday that the decision to accept red cells, white cells, plasma or platelets from another person's blood is a matter of personal conscience. Likewise, each Witness must decide whether or not to donate blood for the clearly expressed purpose of providing components or fractions for use by another person. … The long-standing refusal of whole-blood transfusions on religious grounds, a core teaching based on the command to 'abstain from blood' (Acts 15:20), is unchanged.”

    Vjerodostojno izvještavanje Provjereno

    Associated Press, “Jehovah’s Witnesses allow blood-derived products but keep ban on whole-blood transfusions”

    18. rujna 2026 · Peter Smith · The Associated Press

    ““Each Christian must make his own personal decision about the use of these four primary components in all medical and surgical care,” said Geoffrey W. Jackson, a member of the Governing Body.”

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-2026-components-personal, claim-blood-2026-whole-blood-still-prohibited, claim-blood-2026-donation-for-components-personal

    #
  22. 18. rujna 2026
    Kasnije objašnjenje

    The organisation’s framing: an ‘adjustment’

    The announcement calls the change ‘an adjustment to our position on blood components’; the article says the Governing Body is ‘not authorized to “go beyond the things that are written”’. Source: JW.org News, 18. rujna 2026

    Otvori dokaze The organisation’s framing: an ‘adjustment’

    Povezane tvrdnje: claim-blood-2026-org-calls-it-adjustment

    #

Broj Probudite se! iz 1994.

Set in type, not reproduced. The artwork of the cover is not shown here. The issue itself is on the organisation’s own online library, and every quotation on this site links to it.

Najčešće citirana publikacija u povijesti ovog pravila, a ujedno i najčešće pogrešno opisana. Na stranici sa sadržajem pisalo je da su u ranija vremena tisuće mladih umrle zato što su Boga stavljale na prvo mjesto i da „to i dalje čine“, pri čemu „je riječ o transfuzijama krvi“.

Dva glavna članka imenuju šestero mladih ljudi. U tom se broju navodi da su troje od njih umrli: Adrian Yeatts, 14 godina; Lenae Martinez, 12 godina; i Lisa Kosack, 12 godina. Navodi se i da su troje u vrijeme pisanja bili živi. Vrste krvi koje su učeni odbijati postale su 18. rujna 2026. stvar osobne odluke.

Zasebna stranica iznosi što taj broj doista dokumentira, osobu po osobu, sa sudskim postupcima, medicinskim savjetima onako kako ih sam časopis prenosi, i onim što se o naslovnici ne može pošteno tvrditi.

Pročitajte cjelovit prikaz broja iz 1994.

Sedam tvrdnji koje određuju ovaj zapis

Izričita izjava · 1. srpnja 1945 Provjereno

The organisation itself dates its position that Christians must abstain from blood transfusions to The Watchtower of 1 July 1945 ('Immovable for the Right Worship'; pages 198-201 as cited by secondary sources). Source: The Watchtower, 1. ožujka 1987Source: Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom (book), 1993Source: The Watchtower, 1. srpnja 1945

Stajalište organizacije ili kasnije objašnjenje: jv p. 183: 'When transfusions of blood became an issue confronting them, The Watchtower of July 1, 1945, explained at length the Christian view regarding the sanctity of blood.'

Prikaži dokaze (3 izvora)
Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

The Watchtower, “'Upon the Watchtower I Am Standing' — chart 'History-Making Watchtower Articles, Decade by Decade'”

1. ožujka 1987 · p.13 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“1945: “Immovable for the Right Worship”—showed that Christians must abstain from receiving blood transfusions”

Chart entry in an article marking the magazine's history.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Watchtower, 'Upon the Watchtower I Am Standing' — chart 'History-Making Watchtower Articles, Decade by Decade'

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened on WOL; chart entry confirmed.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-jv-1993-recognized-by-conduct

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-w-1987-0301-history-chart

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom (book), “Recognized by Our Conduct”

1993 · p.183 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“When transfusions of blood became an issue confronting them, The Watchtower of July 1, 1945, explained at length the Christian view regarding the sanctity of blood.”

Also: 'Earlier discussions of the sanctity of blood appeared in The Watch Tower of December 15, 1927, as well as The Watchtower of December 1, 1944, which specifically mentioned blood transfusions.' And: 'beginning in 1961 any who ignored the divine requirement, accepted blood transfusions, and manifested an unrepentant attitude were disfellowshipped'.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom (book), Recognized by Our Conduct

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened on WOL; p. 183 confirmed.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-w-1987-0301-history-chart, src-w-1961-0115-qfr-disfellowshipping

Notes. The organisation's own dating of 1945 and 1961.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-jv-1993-recognized-by-conduct

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Potkrijepljeno

The Watchtower, “Immovable for the Right Worship”

1. srpnja 1945 · pp.198-201 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“(article not opened) — discovery sites attribute to pp. 200-201: “Among the barbarous and fierce, savage nations, such as the Scythians, Tartars, desert Arabs, Scandinavians, etc., who lived most on animal blood…””

Identified by the organisation itself (w87 3/1 p. 13 chart; jv p. 183) as the article that first set out that Christians must abstain from transfusions.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Watchtower, Immovable for the Right Worship

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Title, date and significance verified via w87 3/1 p. 13 and jv p. 183 (both opened on WOL). The article text itself was NOT opened: not on WOL; no lawful English scan found on archive.org (the 'Watchtower 1945-1946' item there is a college newspaper; the French 1945 volume has no 'transfusion'). Quoted wording is discovery-only and must be treated as unverified.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-w-1987-0301-history-chart, src-jv-1993-recognized-by-conduct, src-ajwrb-evolution-blood-policy, src-jwfacts-blood-transfusions

Notes. A lawful scan would materially help; try library microfilm.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-w-1945-0701-immovable

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj
Izričita izjava · 15. siječnja 1961 Provjereno

From January 1961 The Watchtower stated that a baptised Witness who accepted a transfusion and remained unrepentant or persistent was subject to disfellowshipping: 'The inspired Holy Scriptures answer yes.' Source: The Watchtower, 15. siječnja 1961Source: Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom (book), 1993

Stajalište organizacije ili kasnije objašnjenje: jv p. 183 confirms disfellowshipping 'beginning in 1961' for those 'unrepentant'.

Prikaži dokaze (2 izvora)
Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”

15. siječnja 1961 · pp.63-64 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“The inspired Holy Scriptures answer yes.”

Answer to whether a baptized receiver of a transfusion is subject to disfellowshipping; unrepentant or persistent receivers 'must be cut off therefrom by disfellowshiping'; a repentant first offender receives instruction instead.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Watchtower, Questions From Readers

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened on WOL; confirmed.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-jv-1993-recognized-by-conduct

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-w-1961-0115-qfr-disfellowshipping

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom (book), “Recognized by Our Conduct”

1993 · p.183 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“When transfusions of blood became an issue confronting them, The Watchtower of July 1, 1945, explained at length the Christian view regarding the sanctity of blood.”

Also: 'Earlier discussions of the sanctity of blood appeared in The Watch Tower of December 15, 1927, as well as The Watchtower of December 1, 1944, which specifically mentioned blood transfusions.' And: 'beginning in 1961 any who ignored the divine requirement, accepted blood transfusions, and manifested an unrepentant attitude were disfellowshipped'.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom (book), Recognized by Our Conduct

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened on WOL; p. 183 confirmed.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-w-1987-0301-history-chart, src-w-1961-0115-qfr-disfellowshipping

Notes. The organisation's own dating of 1945 and 1961.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-jv-1993-recognized-by-conduct

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj
Izričita izjava · 1. studenoga 1961 Provjereno

In November 1961 The Watchtower stated that 'the infusing of some blood fraction to sustain one's life is wrong', while leaving vaccines and serums to individual judgment. Source: The Watchtower, 1. studenoga 1961Source: The Watchtower, 15. rujna 1958

Prikaži dokaze (2 izvora)
Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”

1. studenoga 1961 · pp.669-672 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“the taking of a blood transfusion, or, in lieu of that, the infusing of some blood fraction to sustain one's life is wrong.”

On serums and vaccines: vaccination is 'not in actuality a feeding or nourishing process' but 'a contamination of the human system'; quotes 15 Sep 1958 p. 575 that acceptance is 'a matter of individual judgment' while urging Christians to stay as far from it as they can.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Watchtower, Questions From Readers

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened on WOL; page range as displayed by WOL for the QFR document.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-w-1958-0915-qfr-serums

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-w-1961-1101-qfr-fractions

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”

15. rujna 1958 · p.575 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“It would therefore be a matter of individual judgment whether one accepted such types of medication or not.”

On serums (diphtheria antitoxin) and fractions (gamma globulin): 'not the same as taking blood, either by mouth or by transfusion, as a nutrient to build up the body's vital forces.'

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Watchtower, Questions From Readers

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened on WOL; confirmed.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-w-1961-1101-qfr-fractions

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-w-1958-0915-qfr-serums

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj
Izričita izjava · 15. lipnja 2000 Provjereno

In June 2000 The Watchtower stated that accepting whole blood 'or any of those four primary components' (red cells, white cells, platelets, plasma) 'violates God's law', while fractions were for 'his own conscientious decision before God'. Source: The Watchtower, 15. lipnja 2000

Prikaži dokaze (1 izvor)
Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers — Do Jehovah's Witnesses accept any medical products derived from blood?”

15. lipnja 2000 · pp.29-31 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“Jehovah's Witnesses hold that accepting whole blood or any of those four primary components violates God's law.”

Fractions: 'The Bible does not give details, so a Christian must make his own conscientious decision before God.' and 'each Christian, after careful and prayerful meditation, must conscientiously decide for himself'.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Watchtower, Questions From Readers — Do Jehovah's Witnesses accept any medical products derived from blood?

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened on WOL.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-w-2004-0615-qfr-minor-fractions

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-w-2000-0615-qfr-blood-products

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj
Izričita izjava · 15. listopada 2000 Provjereno

In October 2000 The Watchtower stated that Witnesses ‘do not donate blood, nor do we store for transfusion our blood’, and that the practice of depositing one’s own blood before surgery ‘conflicts with God’s law’. Source: The Watchtower, 15. listopada 2000

Stajalište organizacije ili kasnije objašnjenje: In March 2026 the Governing Body said the Bible ‘does not comment’ on the use of a person’s own blood; the 2000 wording was not described as an error but the position was ‘clarified’.

Prikaži dokaze (1 izvor)
Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”

15. listopada 2000 · pp.30-31 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

“Hence, we do not donate blood, nor do we store for transfusion our blood that should be ‘poured out.’ That practice conflicts with God’s law.”

The question asked was: ‘In the light of Bible commands about the proper use of blood, how do Jehovah’s Witnesses view medical procedures using one’s own blood?’ The article said that depositing one’s own blood weeks before surgery ‘directly contradicts’ Leviticus and Deuteronomy, while procedures in which the patient’s blood stays in a continuous circuit (haemodilution, cell salvage, heart-lung machines, dialysis) were left for each Christian to decide.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Watchtower, Questions From Readers

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened on the Watchtower Online Library on 19 September 2026; question and quotations confirmed word for word.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-ap-2026-0320-own-blood

Notes. This is the categorical wording that the 20 March 2026 update replaced.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-w-2000-1015-qfr-own-blood

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj
Izričita izjava · 20. ožujka 2026 Provjereno

On 20 March 2026 (2026 Governing Body Update #2) the organisation stated that the Bible does not comment on the use of a person’s own blood in medical and surgical care, making the collection, storage and reinfusion of a patient’s own blood a personal decision. Source: JW.org News, 20. ožujka 2026Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), 18. rujna 2026Source: Associated Press, 20. ožujka 2026Source: AABB (Association for the Advancement of Blood & Biotherapies) News, 24. ožujka 2026

Stajalište organizacije ili kasnije objašnjenje: The September 2026 article calls the March statement a ‘Scriptural clarification’ that ‘allows each Christian to do as stated in Galatians 6:5’.

Prikaži dokaze (4 izvora)
Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”

20. ožujka 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

“Christians are not under the Mosaic Law. However, we obey the apostolic command to ‘abstain from blood.’ Furthermore, the Bible does not comment on the use of a person’s own blood in medical and surgical care. Therefore, like other choices about health care, each Christian must make his own decision about the use of his own blood in all medical and surgical care.”

The news page says the update will ‘clarify our position on the use of a patient’s own blood in medical and surgical care’. The quoted statement is the wording that the September 2026 Questions From Readers article attributes to this update.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for JW.org News, 2026 Governing Body Update #2

Napomena o pouzdanosti. News page opened on JW.org on 19 September 2026 (date and description confirmed). The official English captions were opened by the independent source auditor and contain the quoted statement; the captions add: 'Some Christians may decide that they would allow their blood to be stored and then be given back to them. Others may object.' The Associated Press reported that Governing Body member Gerrit Lösch delivered the update.

Podrijetlo skena. Official English captions file served from the JW.org content delivery network.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-jw-2026-0918-qfr-respect-life, src-ap-2026-0320-own-blood, src-aabb-2026-0324

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-jw-2026-0320-gbu2

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”

18. rujna 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

“After further prayerful consideration, the Governing Body has decided that this same principle applies to the four primary components of whole blood—red cells, white cells, plasma, and platelets—that are derived from another person’s blood. Therefore, each Christian must make his own personal decision about the use of these four primary components in all medical and surgical care.”

The article also states that Witnesses ‘do not accept transfusions of whole blood, nor do we donate blood that would be used as a whole blood transfusion to another person’, that each Christian must decide whether to donate blood ‘for the clearly expressed purpose of providing components or fractions’, and that it reflects what was shared in the 2026 Governing Body Update #6 and will appear in a future issue of The Watchtower.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for JW.org (Questions From Readers), How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Full article text opened on JW.org on 19 September 2026 and the quotations confirmed word for word.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-jw-2026-0918-gbu6, src-jw-2026-0918-press-release, src-ap-2026-0918-components

Notes. The article carries the note: ‘This article reflects what was shared in the 2026 Governing Body Update #6 and will appear in a future issue of The Watchtower.’ It also states the Governing Body ‘is not authorized to “go beyond the things that are written”’ (1 Corinthians 4:6).

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-jw-2026-0918-qfr-respect-life

Vjerodostojno izvještavanje Provjereno

Associated Press, “Jehovah’s Witnesses ease policy on transfusions, allowing storage and use of one’s own blood”

20. ožujka 2026 · Peter Smith · The Associated Press

““Each Christian must decide for himself how his own blood will be used in all medical and surgical care.””

AP attributes the statement to Governing Body member Gerrit Lösch, who said ‘the Bible does not comment on the use of a person’s own blood in medical and surgical care’. The report notes the longstanding ban on transfusions from other donors remains, quotes the 2000 Watchtower (‘we do not donate blood, nor do we store for transfusion our blood’), and quotes former member Mitch Melin: ‘From my perspective, it doesn’t go far enough.’

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for Associated Press, Jehovah’s Witnesses ease policy on transfusions, allowing storage and use of one’s own blood

Napomena o pouzdanosti. The apnews.com page could not be opened by our automated tools; the syndicated copy on ksat.com (same AP text, byline and date) was opened on 19 September 2026 and the wording confirmed.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-jw-2026-0320-gbu2, src-aabb-2026-0324

Notes. The ‘alternative copy’ link is a licensed syndication of the same AP story, not an archive.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-ap-2026-0320-own-blood

Recenzirano / znanstveno Provjereno

AABB (Association for the Advancement of Blood & Biotherapies) News, “Jehovah’s Witnesses to Permit Autologous Blood Transfusion”

24. ožujka 2026 · AABB · AABB

“The organization’s longstanding prohibition on allogeneic blood transfusion remains unchanged.”

AABB, the professional body for transfusion medicine, reported that on 20 March 2026 the Governing Body ‘updated its medical guidance’ to permit members to decide whether to undergo autologous blood collection, storage and transfusion, whereas previous guidance ‘generally did not permit storage of a patient’s own blood for later use’.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for AABB (Association for the Advancement of Blood & Biotherapies) News, Jehovah’s Witnesses to Permit Autologous Blood Transfusion

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened on aabb.org on 19 September 2026; wording confirmed.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-ap-2026-0320-own-blood

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-aabb-2026-0324

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj
Izričita izjava · 18. rujna 2026 Provjereno

On 18 September 2026 the Governing Body announced that whether to accept red cells, white cells, plasma or platelets from another person’s blood is now a personal decision for each Witness, in all medical and surgical care. Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), 18. rujna 2026Source: JW.org News, 18. rujna 2026Source: JW.org Global News (press release), 18. rujna 2026Source: Associated Press, 18. rujna 2026

Stajalište organizacije ili kasnije objašnjenje: The organisation describes this as ‘an adjustment to our position on blood components’ and says the Governing Body ‘is not authorized to “go beyond the things that are written”’ because the Scriptures ‘do not comment on the various products that may be derived from blood’.

Prikaži dokaze (4 izvora)
Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”

18. rujna 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

“After further prayerful consideration, the Governing Body has decided that this same principle applies to the four primary components of whole blood—red cells, white cells, plasma, and platelets—that are derived from another person’s blood. Therefore, each Christian must make his own personal decision about the use of these four primary components in all medical and surgical care.”

The article also states that Witnesses ‘do not accept transfusions of whole blood, nor do we donate blood that would be used as a whole blood transfusion to another person’, that each Christian must decide whether to donate blood ‘for the clearly expressed purpose of providing components or fractions’, and that it reflects what was shared in the 2026 Governing Body Update #6 and will appear in a future issue of The Watchtower.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for JW.org (Questions From Readers), How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Full article text opened on JW.org on 19 September 2026 and the quotations confirmed word for word.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-jw-2026-0918-gbu6, src-jw-2026-0918-press-release, src-ap-2026-0918-components

Notes. The article carries the note: ‘This article reflects what was shared in the 2026 Governing Body Update #6 and will appear in a future issue of The Watchtower.’ It also states the Governing Body ‘is not authorized to “go beyond the things that are written”’ (1 Corinthians 4:6).

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-jw-2026-0918-qfr-respect-life

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #6”

18. rujna 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

“In this update, we will discuss an adjustment to our position on blood components.”

The news page announces the video update, the companion Questions From Readers article and the chart ‘Products Derived From Whole Blood’, initially in English with translations to follow. It cross-references the 2026 Governing Body Update #2 on a patient’s own blood.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for JW.org News, 2026 Governing Body Update #6

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Page opened on JW.org on 19 September 2026; quotation and date confirmed. The official English captions were opened by the independent source auditor. The Associated Press reported that Governing Body member Geoffrey W. Jackson presented the update.

Podrijetlo skena. Official English captions file served from the JW.org content delivery network.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-ap-2026-0918-components

Notes. The word 'adjustment' is the JW.org page description and the press release, not the spoken update. The spoken update phrases the donation point as 'donate components or fractions derived from his own blood'; the written article and press release say 'donate blood for the clearly expressed purpose of providing components or fractions for use by another person'. The site follows the written text.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-jw-2026-0918-gbu6

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

JW.org Global News (press release), “Jehovah’s Witnesses: Each Witness Now Decides Whether to Accept or Donate Main Blood Components”

18. rujna 2026 · Office of Public Information, Jehovah’s Witnesses (Paul Gillies quoted) · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

“The Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses announced on Friday that the decision to accept red cells, white cells, plasma or platelets from another person's blood is a matter of personal conscience. Likewise, each Witness must decide whether or not to donate blood for the clearly expressed purpose of providing components or fractions for use by another person. … The long-standing refusal of whole-blood transfusions on religious grounds, a core teaching based on the command to 'abstain from blood' (Acts 15:20), is unchanged.”

Datelined Warwick, N.Y., 18 September 2026. International spokesman Paul Gillies is quoted: 'Blood remains sacred to Jehovah's Witnesses, who continue to regard life and blood as precious gifts from God. We recognize that medical decisions involving blood components are a matter of conscience between each Witness and their God, Jehovah.' The release says Witnesses 'number over nine million worldwide across more than 200 lands'.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for JW.org Global News (press release), Jehovah’s Witnesses: Each Witness Now Decides Whether to Accept or Donate Main Blood Components

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Press release opened on JW.org on 19 September 2026; wording re-confirmed verbatim by the independent source auditor after an earlier transcription dropped 'on Friday' and 'or not'.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-jw-2026-0918-qfr-respect-life

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-jw-2026-0918-press-release

Vjerodostojno izvještavanje Provjereno

Associated Press, “Jehovah’s Witnesses allow blood-derived products but keep ban on whole-blood transfusions”

18. rujna 2026 · Peter Smith · The Associated Press

““Each Christian must make his own personal decision about the use of these four primary components in all medical and surgical care,” said Geoffrey W. Jackson, a member of the Governing Body.”

AP reports that members may now receive plasma, platelets, red blood cells and white blood cells and may decide whether to donate blood for blood-product use, while whole-blood transfusion and donation for that purpose remain prohibited. Spokesman Paul Gillies is quoted: ‘What we’re saying is you have to pray about it, you have to study it, you have to see what the Bible has to say about it, because blood in the Bible represents life.’ AP gives US membership of 1.3 million (2025) and 9.2 million worldwide.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for Associated Press, Jehovah’s Witnesses allow blood-derived products but keep ban on whole-blood transfusions

Napomena o pouzdanosti. The apnews.com page could not be opened by our automated tools; the syndicated copy on clickondetroit.com (identical AP text, same byline and date) was opened on 19 September 2026 and the wording confirmed.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-jw-2026-0918-qfr-respect-life, src-jw-2026-0918-press-release

Notes. The ‘alternative copy’ link is a licensed syndication of the same AP story, not an archive.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-ap-2026-0918-components

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj

Slučaj iz 2000. godine: osporeni izvještaj

In June 2000 British newspapers reported that the Governing Body had voted to allow members to accept transfusions without being disfellowshipped. The organisation said the reports were wrong: the change was ‘a minor procedural change’ by which the congregation no longer initiated disfellowshipping and an unrepentant receiver was instead treated as having disassociated, with ‘the same effect’. Both accounts are on the record, and the substance is labelled disputed here. What is verified is narrower: the mechanism changed; the consequence for the member did not. Source: The Guardian, 15. lipnja 2000 Source: Deseret News (Associated Press), 24. lipnja 2000

Izričita izjava · travnja 2000 Provjereno

In 2000 (the organisation's media statement dates the change to April) the congregation no longer initiated disfellowshipping for accepting a transfusion; an unrepentant receiver was instead treated as having disassociated, which the organisation said had 'the same effect'. Source: Jehovah's Witnesses — Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions, 15. lipnja 2000Source: Deseret News (Associated Press), 24. lipnja 2000Source: The Guardian, 15. lipnja 2000

Stajalište organizacije ili kasnije objašnjenje: Media statement 15 Jun 2000: 'a procedural change instituted in April 2000 … the end result is the same'; Watch Tower House called it 'a minor procedural change'.

Prikaži dokaze (3 izvora)
Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Potkrijepljeno

Jehovah's Witnesses — Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions, “Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions”

15. lipnja 2000 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society (statement); copy hosted by CESNUR

“This represents a procedural change instituted in April 2000 in which the congregation no longer initiates the action to revoke membership in such cases. However, the end result is the same”

Responds to 'an article published in the June 14, 2000, issue of a British newspaper' said to have 'incorrectly publicized' a doctrine change; 'this scriptural position has not changed'.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for Jehovah's Witnesses — Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions, Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened the CESNUR copy; the original jw-media.org page is no longer online. Wording corroborated by AP's report of spokesman Pellechia.

Podrijetlo skena. Copy of the statement on the CESNUR (Center for Studies on New Religions) website

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-ap-2000-0624-deseret, src-guardian-2000-0615-bates

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-jw-2000-0615-media-statement

Vjerodostojno izvještavanje Provjereno

Deseret News (Associated Press), “Jehovah's Witnesses still ban most blood transfusions”

24. lipnja 2000 · Associated Press · Deseret News

“a Jehovah's Witness who has a transfusion automatically “revokes his membership.””

Spokesman J. R. Pellechia; 'The group acknowledges that it has ended its practice of “disfellowshipping”'; 'It has the same effect'.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for Deseret News (Associated Press), Jehovah's Witnesses still ban most blood transfusions

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened the syndicated AP copy (apnews.com blocked).

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-jw-2000-0615-media-statement

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-ap-2000-0624-deseret

Vjerodostojno izvještavanje Provjereno

The Guardian, “Transfusion row rocks Jehovah's Witnesses”

15. lipnja 2000 · Stephen Bates · Guardian News & Media

“The witnesses' British headquarters at Watch Tower House in north London described the decision, which will be conveyed to members at Kingdom halls across the country by letter as “a minor procedural change”.”

Reports a Governing Body vote 'of eight to four' that members accepting transfusions 'may not be automatically expelled and shunned, so long as they repent'; spokesman Paul Gillies: 'if they are no longer living by the rules they have excluded themselves'; the church said the decision 'was clarification of existing rules and a simplification of the process of excommunication'.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Guardian, Transfusion row rocks Jehovah's Witnesses

Napomena o pouzdanosti. theguardian.com is blocked for WebFetch/WebSearch here; retrieved with curl (browser UA) and confirmed headline, byline, date (2000-06-15T00:56Z) and text. No Guardian item exists at /uk/2000/jun/14/stephenbates; the 14 June story was The Times (Ruth Gledhill).

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-ap-2000-0624-deseret, src-jw-2000-0615-media-statement

Notes. The article's 'thousands' death figure is an assertion, not data.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-guardian-2000-0615-bates

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj
Kontekst · 15. lipnja 2000 Osporeno

In June 2000 The Times and The Guardian reported that the Governing Body had voted to allow members to accept transfusions if they repented; the organisation replied that the doctrine had not changed and that only procedure had. Source: The Guardian, 15. lipnja 2000Source: The Times (London), 14. lipnja 2000 (unverified)Source: Jehovah's Witnesses — Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions, 15. lipnja 2000Source: Deseret News (Associated Press), 24. lipnja 2000

Stajalište organizacije ili kasnije objašnjenje: 'this scriptural position has not changed'.

Prikaži dokaze (4 izvora)
Vjerodostojno izvještavanje Provjereno

The Guardian, “Transfusion row rocks Jehovah's Witnesses”

15. lipnja 2000 · Stephen Bates · Guardian News & Media

“The witnesses' British headquarters at Watch Tower House in north London described the decision, which will be conveyed to members at Kingdom halls across the country by letter as “a minor procedural change”.”

Reports a Governing Body vote 'of eight to four' that members accepting transfusions 'may not be automatically expelled and shunned, so long as they repent'; spokesman Paul Gillies: 'if they are no longer living by the rules they have excluded themselves'; the church said the decision 'was clarification of existing rules and a simplification of the process of excommunication'.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Guardian, Transfusion row rocks Jehovah's Witnesses

Napomena o pouzdanosti. theguardian.com is blocked for WebFetch/WebSearch here; retrieved with curl (browser UA) and confirmed headline, byline, date (2000-06-15T00:56Z) and text. No Guardian item exists at /uk/2000/jun/14/stephenbates; the 14 June story was The Times (Ruth Gledhill).

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-ap-2000-0624-deseret, src-jw-2000-0615-media-statement

Notes. The article's 'thousands' death figure is an assertion, not data.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-guardian-2000-0615-bates

Vjerodostojno izvještavanje Neprovjereno

The Times (London), “U-turn on blood transfusions by Witnesses (as cited)”

14. lipnja 2000 · Ruth Gledhill · Times Newspapers

“(not opened)”

The '14 June 2000 British newspaper' article referred to in the organisation's media statement.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Times (London), U-turn on blood transfusions by Witnesses (as cited)

Napomena o pouzdanosti. thetimes.co.uk blocked; article not opened. Headline as given by secondary sources.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-jw-2000-0615-media-statement

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-times-2000-0614-gledhill

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Potkrijepljeno

Jehovah's Witnesses — Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions, “Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions”

15. lipnja 2000 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society (statement); copy hosted by CESNUR

“This represents a procedural change instituted in April 2000 in which the congregation no longer initiates the action to revoke membership in such cases. However, the end result is the same”

Responds to 'an article published in the June 14, 2000, issue of a British newspaper' said to have 'incorrectly publicized' a doctrine change; 'this scriptural position has not changed'.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for Jehovah's Witnesses — Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions, Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened the CESNUR copy; the original jw-media.org page is no longer online. Wording corroborated by AP's report of spokesman Pellechia.

Podrijetlo skena. Copy of the statement on the CESNUR (Center for Studies on New Religions) website

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-ap-2000-0624-deseret, src-guardian-2000-0615-bates

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-jw-2000-0615-media-statement

Vjerodostojno izvještavanje Provjereno

Deseret News (Associated Press), “Jehovah's Witnesses still ban most blood transfusions”

24. lipnja 2000 · Associated Press · Deseret News

“a Jehovah's Witness who has a transfusion automatically “revokes his membership.””

Spokesman J. R. Pellechia; 'The group acknowledges that it has ended its practice of “disfellowshipping”'; 'It has the same effect'.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for Deseret News (Associated Press), Jehovah's Witnesses still ban most blood transfusions

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened the syndicated AP copy (apnews.com blocked).

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-jw-2000-0615-media-statement

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-ap-2000-0624-deseret

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj

Objašnjenje organizacije

The March 2026 update is presented as a clarification and the September 2026 update as ‘an adjustment to our position on blood components’. The accompanying article says that ‘since the Scriptures do not comment on the various products that may be derived from blood, the Governing Body recognizes that … it is not authorized to “go beyond the things that are written”’. Source: JW.org News, 18. rujna 2026 Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), 18. rujna 2026 The organisation’s international spokesman said: ‘Blood remains sacred to Jehovah’s Witnesses … medical decisions involving blood components are a matter of conscience between each Witness and their God, Jehovah.’ Source: JW.org Global News (press release), 18. rujna 2026

Objašnjenje organizacije · 18. rujna 2026 Provjereno

The organisation’s own announcement describes the September 2026 change as ‘an adjustment to our position on blood components’, and the accompanying article says the Governing Body recognises it ‘is not authorized to “go beyond the things that are written”’. Source: JW.org News, 18. rujna 2026Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), 18. rujna 2026

Prikaži dokaze (2 izvora)
Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #6”

18. rujna 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

“In this update, we will discuss an adjustment to our position on blood components.”

The news page announces the video update, the companion Questions From Readers article and the chart ‘Products Derived From Whole Blood’, initially in English with translations to follow. It cross-references the 2026 Governing Body Update #2 on a patient’s own blood.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for JW.org News, 2026 Governing Body Update #6

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Page opened on JW.org on 19 September 2026; quotation and date confirmed. The official English captions were opened by the independent source auditor. The Associated Press reported that Governing Body member Geoffrey W. Jackson presented the update.

Podrijetlo skena. Official English captions file served from the JW.org content delivery network.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-ap-2026-0918-components

Notes. The word 'adjustment' is the JW.org page description and the press release, not the spoken update. The spoken update phrases the donation point as 'donate components or fractions derived from his own blood'; the written article and press release say 'donate blood for the clearly expressed purpose of providing components or fractions for use by another person'. The site follows the written text.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-jw-2026-0918-gbu6

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”

18. rujna 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

“After further prayerful consideration, the Governing Body has decided that this same principle applies to the four primary components of whole blood—red cells, white cells, plasma, and platelets—that are derived from another person’s blood. Therefore, each Christian must make his own personal decision about the use of these four primary components in all medical and surgical care.”

The article also states that Witnesses ‘do not accept transfusions of whole blood, nor do we donate blood that would be used as a whole blood transfusion to another person’, that each Christian must decide whether to donate blood ‘for the clearly expressed purpose of providing components or fractions’, and that it reflects what was shared in the 2026 Governing Body Update #6 and will appear in a future issue of The Watchtower.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for JW.org (Questions From Readers), How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Full article text opened on JW.org on 19 September 2026 and the quotations confirmed word for word.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-jw-2026-0918-gbu6, src-jw-2026-0918-press-release, src-ap-2026-0918-components

Notes. The article carries the note: ‘This article reflects what was shared in the 2026 Governing Body Update #6 and will appear in a future issue of The Watchtower.’ It also states the Governing Body ‘is not authorized to “go beyond the things that are written”’ (1 Corinthians 4:6).

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-jw-2026-0918-qfr-respect-life

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj
Izričita izjava · 18. rujna 2026 Provjereno

The official 2026 chart ‘Products Derived From Whole Blood’ lists four components and six fractions with their approximate percentage of whole blood, function and origin, and poses questions for the reader; it does not label any product as acceptable or unacceptable. Source: JW.org chart, 18. rujna 2026

Prikaži dokaze (1 izvor)
Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

JW.org chart, “Products Derived From Whole Blood”

18. rujna 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania (publication code mrt-E, 9/26)

“ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS: What are the risks involved? What other factors would you consider before making a decision?”

The one-page chart lists plasma (about 55%), red blood cells (about 45%), albumin (about 2%), immunoglobulins (about 1%), white blood cells, platelets, clotting factors, prothrombin complex concentrate, fibrinogen and cryoprecipitate (each less than 1%), labelling each as a ‘component’ or ‘fraction’ with its function and origin. It does not label any product as acceptable or unacceptable.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for JW.org chart, Products Derived From Whole Blood

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Official PDF downloaded from the JW.org media API and read in full on 19 September 2026.

Podrijetlo skena. Official printable PDF served from the JW.org content delivery network (© 2026 Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania).

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-jw-2026-0918-qfr-respect-life

Notes. The chart’s own footnotes: ‘Whole blood is made up of about 80% water’; PCC and cryoprecipitate ‘do not naturally occur in blood in this form; therefore, the percentages are approximate’.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-jw-2026-0918-products-chart

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj

As of 19 September 2026, the day after the announcement, JW.org’s FAQ on blood explains the position in terms of ‘blood transfusions’ and does not yet mention components, fractions or the 2026 changes. Source: JW.org Frequently Asked Questions, 19. rujna 2026

Što liječnici podrazumijevaju pod transfuzijom

The NHS describes a transfusion as a procedure in which ‘blood from someone else (a donor) goes into a vein’, and lists what patients are given as red cells, platelets and plasma, without mentioning whole blood. The World Health Organization says blood ‘can be used more effectively if it is processed into components’ and that high-income countries separate 98% of donations. A 2026 review of United States military and civilian trauma practice dates the move away from whole blood to the late Vietnam era and records its reintroduction in military and trauma resuscitation from 2017; in England, NHS Blood and Transplant has manufactured whole blood only for a pre-hospital trauma trial. Source: NHS (nhs.uk), 16. siječnja 2025 Source: World Health Organization fact sheet, 12. lipnja 2026 Source: Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open, 2026

Neovisni nalaz · 12. lipnja 2026 Provjereno

Recognised medical bodies describe transfusion as giving donor blood by vein and state that donations are usually separated into red cells, platelets and plasma so patients receive the component they need; 98% of donations in high-income countries are separated into components. Source: NHS (nhs.uk), 16. siječnja 2025Source: NHS Blood and Transplant (blood.co.uk), 2026Source: World Health Organization fact sheet, 12. lipnja 2026

Prikaži dokaze (3 izvora)
Recenzirano / znanstveno Provjereno

NHS (nhs.uk), “Blood transfusion”

16. siječnja 2025 · NHS England

“a generally very safe procedure where blood from someone else (a donor) goes into a vein in your arm through a narrow tube”

Red cells 'to help with anaemia'; platelets and plasma 'to help your blood clot'.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for NHS (nhs.uk), Blood transfusion

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened; page reviewed 16 Jan 2025.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-nhsbt-how-blood-is-used

Notes. Recognised medical body — glossary.Formerly at https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/blood-transfusion/ (redirects).

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-nhs-2025-blood-transfusion

Recenzirano / znanstveno Provjereno

NHS Blood and Transplant (blood.co.uk), “How blood is used”

2026 · NHS Blood and Transplant

“Blood is usually separated into its individual components or parts, so a patient can be given the particular component they need.”

'the components in one unit of blood (or one donation) can be used to treat different patients'.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for NHS Blood and Transplant (blood.co.uk), How blood is used

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-who-2026-0612-blood-safety

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-nhsbt-how-blood-is-used

Recenzirano / znanstveno Provjereno

World Health Organization fact sheet, “Blood safety and availability”

12. lipnja 2026 · World Health Organization · World Health Organization

“Blood can be used more effectively if it is processed into components, such as red cell concentrates, platelet concentrates, plasma and cryoprecipitate. In this way, it can meet the needs of more than one patient.”

The fact sheet reports that 98% of blood collected in high-income countries is separated into components, compared with 94% in upper-middle-income, 81% in lower-middle-income and 52% in low-income countries.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for World Health Organization fact sheet, Blood safety and availability

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened on who.int on 19 September 2026; wording and figures confirmed.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-nhs-2025-blood-transfusion

Notes. Establishes that component therapy, not whole blood, is the norm in modern transfusion practice, which is why the 2026 change affects most transfusions a Witness patient is likely to be offered.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-who-2026-0612-blood-safety

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj

Sama je organizacija od 1982. do 2026. zastupala da su četiri glavne komponente istovjetne krvi. Budući da se pri uobičajenoj transfuzijskoj praksi većinom daju komponente, a ne puna krv, kategorija koja ostaje zabranjena danas obuhvaća malen dio rutinske prakse. Kako će pacijent koji je Jehovin svjedok postupiti s komponentama, prema vlastitoj izjavi organizacije, osobna je odluka, koju njezine publikacije razlikuju od odobravanja. Potpune definicije nalaze se u pojmovniku.

Smrtni slučajevi, sudski postupci i medicinski rizik

Dokumentirani pojedinačni slučajevi, ono što su sudovi odlučili, ono što medicinska literatura pokazuje o smrtnosti kad se transfuzija odbije, i razlozi zbog kojih ne postoji pouzdan svjetski broj smrtnih slučajeva, izneseni su na zasebnoj stranici uz jednak dokazni standard. Uz studije uključuje i izjavu organizacije da su tvrdnje o mnogim smrtnim slučajevima svake godine „posve neutemeljene“. Pročitajte dokaze o smrtnim slučajevima, sudskim postupcima i riziku.

Dvije daljnje stranice ispituju kako je sama organizacija predstavila mlade ljude koji su umrli: broj časopisa Probudite se! od 22. svibnja 1994. i službeni video iz 2019. u kojem roditelji opisuju gubitak svojeg jedanaestogodišnjeg sina.

Što se može reći s pouzdanošću

  1. The organisation’s own history dates the transfusion prohibition to 1 July 1945 and disfellowshipping for unrepentant acceptance to 1961. Source: Jehovah's Witnesses—Proclaimers of God's Kingdom (book), 1993
  2. In 1951 receiving a transfusion was called ‘eating it through his veins’; no sanction was mentioned. Source: The Watchtower, 1. srpnja 1951
  3. In 1961 The Watchtower said ‘the inspired Holy Scriptures answer yes’ to disfellowshipping and that infusing ‘some blood fraction to sustain one’s life is wrong’. Source: The Watchtower, 15. siječnja 1961 Source: The Watchtower, 1. studenoga 1961
  4. From 1978 to 1990 serums, albumin, immune globulins, haemophilia preparations and cell salvage were moved to personal conscience; stored own blood remained ‘objectionable’. Source: The Watchtower, 15. lipnja 1978 Source: Awake!, 22. lipnja 1982
  5. In 2000 and 2004 whole blood and the four primary components ‘violates God’s law’; fractions were personal. Source: The Watchtower, 15. lipnja 2000 Source: The Watchtower, 15. lipnja 2004
  6. In 2000 disfellowshipping was replaced by treating the receiver as having disassociated, which the organisation called ‘a minor procedural change’. Source: The Guardian, 15. lipnja 2000
  7. On 20 March 2026 own blood, including storage, became a personal decision; on 18 September 2026 so did the four primary components and donation for components or fractions. Whole blood remains prohibited. Source: JW.org News, 20. ožujka 2026 Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), 18. rujna 2026

Uobičajeni odgovori, provjereni u publikacijama

“The doctrine never changed; only procedure.”
The 2000 change was procedural, and the organisation said so. The 2026 change is substantive: components that ‘violate God’s law’ (2000, 2004) and were to be refused ‘under any circumstances’ (2008) are now personal decisions. Read the two wordings above. Source: The Watchtower, 15. lipnja 2000 Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), 18. rujna 2026
“Fractions were always a conscience matter.”
Serums and gamma globulin were, from 1958, and the November 1961 answer repeated that for vaccines and serums. The same 1961 answer called ‘the entire modern medical practice involving the use of blood … objectionable’ and said that infusing ‘some blood fraction to sustain one’s life’, in place of a transfusion, ‘is wrong’. Both statements are quoted here. Source: The Watchtower, 15. rujna 1958 Source: The Watchtower, 1. studenoga 1961
“Bloodless medicine shows refusal is safe.”
Meta-analyses of elective cardiac surgery under patient-blood-management programmes find no significant difference in short-term mortality; the obstetric data show a large excess risk of death from major haemorrhage, and the severe-anaemia cohorts show mortality rising steeply as haemoglobin falls. Both are presented on the risk page.
“Whole blood is what the Bible forbids; components are different.”
The organisation itself held from 1982 to 2026 that the four primary components were equivalent to blood, and clinicians have used component therapy as the norm since the 1970s. The category that remains prohibited therefore covers a small share of routine practice; what remains is a personal decision, which is not the same as approval. Source: Awake!, 22. lipnja 1982 Source: World Health Organization fact sheet, 12. lipnja 2026
“The Governing Body was only ever applying the Bible.”
That is the organisation’s position, and it is quoted in full above. The 2026 article says the Governing Body is ‘not authorized’ to go beyond what is written because the Scriptures ‘do not comment’ on blood products. It does not say why this reasoning was not applied to the same products between 1982 and 2026; it describes the change as the result of ‘further prayerful consideration’. Both wordings are above for the reader to compare. Source: JW.org (Questions From Readers), 18. rujna 2026

Što nismo uspjeli provjeriti

Ovi se navodi naveliko prenose. Nismo uspjeli otvoriti izvornike, pa se ovdje ne iznose kao činjenica. Svaki je zabilježen kako bi svatko tko ima pristup publikaciji mogao pomoći da se razriješi.

Kontekst · 1. srpnja 1945 Neprovjereno

Passages widely quoted from the 1 July 1945 article (for example the 'Scythians, Tartars' comparison) could not be checked against a scan and should not be published as quotations until one is opened. Source: The Watchtower, 1. srpnja 1945Source: AJWRB.org, 2026 (unverified)Source: JWFacts.com, 2026 (unverified)

Prikaži dokaze (3 izvora)
Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Potkrijepljeno

The Watchtower, “Immovable for the Right Worship”

1. srpnja 1945 · pp.198-201 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“(article not opened) — discovery sites attribute to pp. 200-201: “Among the barbarous and fierce, savage nations, such as the Scythians, Tartars, desert Arabs, Scandinavians, etc., who lived most on animal blood…””

Identified by the organisation itself (w87 3/1 p. 13 chart; jv p. 183) as the article that first set out that Christians must abstain from transfusions.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Watchtower, Immovable for the Right Worship

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Title, date and significance verified via w87 3/1 p. 13 and jv p. 183 (both opened on WOL). The article text itself was NOT opened: not on WOL; no lawful English scan found on archive.org (the 'Watchtower 1945-1946' item there is a college newspaper; the French 1945 volume has no 'transfusion'). Quoted wording is discovery-only and must be treated as unverified.

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-w-1987-0301-history-chart, src-jv-1993-recognized-by-conduct, src-ajwrb-evolution-blood-policy, src-jwfacts-blood-transfusions

Notes. A lawful scan would materially help; try library microfilm.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-w-1945-0701-immovable

Samo izvor za pronalaženje Neprovjereno

AJWRB.org, “Evolution of the Watchtower Blood Policy / Blood Transfusion in Modern History”

2026 · AJWRB

“(locator only)”

Cites Golden Age 29 Jul 1925 p. 683 (blood donors commended), Golden Age 1 May 1929 p. 502 (vaccination), Golden Age 4 Feb 1931 pp. 293-294, Consolation 25 Dec 1940 p. 19, Watchtower 15 Dec 1927 p. 371, Watchtower 1 Jul 1945 pp. 198-201.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for AJWRB.org, Evolution of the Watchtower Blood Policy / Blood Transfusion in Modern History

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Used only to locate publications/pages.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-ajwrb-evolution-blood-policy

Samo izvor za pronalaženje Neprovjereno

JWFacts.com, “Jehovah's Witnesses and the Watchtower's changing stance on blood transfusions”

2026 · Paul Grundy · jwfacts.com

“(locator only)”

Cites Golden Age 29 Jul 1925 p. 683; Golden Age 1 May 1929 p. 502 (labelled 'transfusions commended' — not borne out by the 1929 scan); Consolation 25 Dec 1940 p. 19; Watchtower Dec 1927 p. 371; Watchtower 1 Jul 1945 pp. 198-201.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for JWFacts.com, Jehovah's Witnesses and the Watchtower's changing stance on blood transfusions

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Used only to locate publications/pages.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-jwfacts-blood-transfusions

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj
Kontekst · 15. rujna 1961 Neprovjereno

The frequently repeated quotation that a transfusion may bring 'temporary prolongation of life, but at the cost of eternal life' was not found in either 15 September 1961 article or by a phrase search of the Watchtower Online Library. The nearest verified wording is in The Watchtower of 1 July 1951, pp. 415-416: 'Any saving of life accomplished by transfusions is short-lived. And doing it in disobedience of God's commands could cost one eternal life.' The popular quotation appears to paraphrase it. Source: The Watchtower, 15. rujna 1961Source: The Watchtower, 15. rujna 1961

Prikaži dokaze (2 izvora)
Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

The Watchtower, “Respect for the Sanctity of Blood”

15. rujna 1961 · pp.553-559 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“(article discusses transfusion as violating divine law; the phrase 'prolongation of life … eternal life' does not occur)”

Opened specifically to locate the popular quotation 'temporary prolongation of life, but at the cost of eternal life'; it is not in this article.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Watchtower, Respect for the Sanctity of Blood

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened on WOL; absence of the phrase confirmed by a prompt search of the full text.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-w-1961-0915-sanctity-of-blood

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

The Watchtower, “Using Life in Harmony with the Will of God”

15. rujna 1961 · pp.559-566 · par. 18 (p. 565) · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“Lifesaving efforts by unscriptural means can never produce results of lasting good. How foolish it is to think that one can save life by violating the laws of the Life-giver!”

Par. 17 (p. 565) says Witnesses 'have no religious objections to any treatment that does not conflict with the law of God' and that other treatments are available; par. 18 adds that violating God's law jeopardises eternal life.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Watchtower, Using Life in Harmony with the Will of God

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened on WOL; pars. 17-18 quoted verbatim. The 'temporary prolongation … cost of eternal life' wording is NOT present; WOL phrase searches for 'prolongation of life' and 'temporary prolongation' also fail to find it.

Notes. Use this verified sentence instead of the unlocated popular quotation.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-w-1961-0915-using-life

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj
Kontekst · 1. lipnja 1975 Neprovjereno

A commonly cited 1 June 1975 Watchtower statement on haemophilia preparations could not be located; the 1 June 1975 Questions From Readers concerns marriage, and the earliest verified treatment of haemophilia preparations is 15 June 1978. Source: The Watchtower, 1. lipnja 1975 (unverified)Source: The Watchtower, 15. lipnja 1978

Prikaži dokaze (2 izvora)
Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Neprovjereno

The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers (alleged haemophilia item)”

1. lipnja 1975 · pp.30-31 (as cited) · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“(not found)”

The 1 Jun 1975 QFR on WOL is at pp. 351-352 (annual pagination) and concerns 1 Corinthians 7:29; it contains nothing on haemophilia. WOL searches for 'hemophilia', 'hemophiliacs' and 'Factor VIII' return no Watchtower item before 1984.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Watchtower, Questions From Readers (alleged haemophilia item)

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Citation appears wrong; no 1975 haemophilia QFR located.

Notes. Do not publish a 1975 date for the haemophilia position; use 15 Jun 1978.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-w-1975-0601-qfr-haemophilia-alleged

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”

15. lipnja 1978 · pp.29-31 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“This seems to fall into a “gray area.” Some Christians believe that accepting a small amount of a blood derivative for such a purpose would not be a manifestation of disrespect for God's law.”

Question: 'Are serum injections compatible with Christian belief?' — serums against diphtheria, tetanus, hepatitis, rabies, haemophilia and Rh incompatibility; 'this question must be resolved by each individual on a personal basis'. Transfusion 'or the use of a blood component to accomplish a similar purpose' remains in conflict with 'abstain … from blood'.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for The Watchtower, Questions From Readers

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Opened on WOL; note pages are 29-31 (not 30-31).

Notes. Earliest verified statement covering haemophilia preparations; the alleged 1 Jun 1975 QFR was not found.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-w-1978-0615-qfr-serums

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj
Kontekst · 25. prosinca 1940 Neprovjereno

Critics cite The Golden Age (1925) and Consolation of 25 December 1940 (p. 19) as describing blood donation or transfusion approvingly before 1945; none of these passages could be opened in this session. Source: Consolation, 25. prosinca 1940 (unverified)Source: AJWRB.org, 2026 (unverified)Source: JWFacts.com, 2026 (unverified)

Prikaži dokaze (3 izvora)
Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Neprovjereno

Consolation, “Surgery (as cited)”

25. prosinca 1940 · p.19 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“(not opened) — discovery sites say it praised a physician who gave a quart of his own blood for transfusion”

Used by critics to show transfusion was described approvingly before 1945.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for Consolation, Surgery (as cited)

Napomena o pouzdanosti. The archive.org OCR volume does not contain the 25 Dec 1940 issue (no 'transfusion' hits, no Dec 1940 date strings). Only discovery sources (AJWRB, jwfacts) cite it.

Podrijetlo skena. archive.org item '1938-1940 Consolation' uploaded by a private user; OCR checked — no December 1940 issue or 'transfusion' text present

Potkrijepljeno izvorima. src-ajwrb-evolution-blood-policy, src-jwfacts-blood-transfusions

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-con-1940-1225-surgery

Samo izvor za pronalaženje Neprovjereno

AJWRB.org, “Evolution of the Watchtower Blood Policy / Blood Transfusion in Modern History”

2026 · AJWRB

“(locator only)”

Cites Golden Age 29 Jul 1925 p. 683 (blood donors commended), Golden Age 1 May 1929 p. 502 (vaccination), Golden Age 4 Feb 1931 pp. 293-294, Consolation 25 Dec 1940 p. 19, Watchtower 15 Dec 1927 p. 371, Watchtower 1 Jul 1945 pp. 198-201.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for AJWRB.org, Evolution of the Watchtower Blood Policy / Blood Transfusion in Modern History

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Used only to locate publications/pages.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-ajwrb-evolution-blood-policy

Samo izvor za pronalaženje Neprovjereno

JWFacts.com, “Jehovah's Witnesses and the Watchtower's changing stance on blood transfusions”

2026 · Paul Grundy · jwfacts.com

“(locator only)”

Cites Golden Age 29 Jul 1925 p. 683; Golden Age 1 May 1929 p. 502 (labelled 'transfusions commended' — not borne out by the 1929 scan); Consolation 25 Dec 1940 p. 19; Watchtower Dec 1927 p. 371; Watchtower 1 Jul 1945 pp. 198-201.

Napomena o podrijetlu i provjeri for JWFacts.com, Jehovah's Witnesses and the Watchtower's changing stance on blood transfusions

Napomena o pouzdanosti. Used only to locate publications/pages.

Pristupljeno. 19. rujna 2026 · ID izvora. src-jwfacts-blood-transfusions

Stranica tvrdnje Ispravi ili ažuriraj

Izvori citirani na ovoj stranici

Show all 36 sources, in date order

Each opens a full record with links, provenance and a confidence note.

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

The Watchtower, “Questions From Readers”

1. ožujka 1989 · pp.30-31 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society

“another Christian (who also would not let blood flow from him, be stored for some time, and later be put back into him) might conclude that a circuit with recovery from a surgical site and ongoing reinfusion would not violate his trained conscience.”

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Potkrijepljeno

Jehovah's Witnesses — Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions, “Official Statement to the Media on Blood Transfusions”

15. lipnja 2000 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society (statement); copy hosted by CESNUR

“This represents a procedural change instituted in April 2000 in which the congregation no longer initiates the action to revoke membership in such cases. However, the end result is the same”

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

JW Broadcasting (JW.org video), “Gary and Beth Septer: “Jehovah Is Close to the Brokenhearted””

19. kolovoza 2019 · Duration 6 min 15 s; category ‘Endurance’ (VODIntExpEndurance); media key pub-jwb_E_201908_4_VIDEO · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

“Jerod was diagnosed with lymphoma cancer in the middle of 1991. We started trying to figure out how we could get him the treatment that he needed, of course, but in no way would we accept a blood transfusion, and neither would Jerod.”

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

JW.org News, “2026 Governing Body Update #2”

20. ožujka 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

“Christians are not under the Mosaic Law. However, we obey the apostolic command to ‘abstain from blood.’ Furthermore, the Bible does not comment on the use of a person’s own blood in medical and surgical care. Therefore, like other choices about health care, each Christian must make his own decision about the use of his own blood in all medical and surgical care.”

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

JW.org (Questions From Readers), “How Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Show Respect for Life?”

18. rujna 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

“After further prayerful consideration, the Governing Body has decided that this same principle applies to the four primary components of whole blood—red cells, white cells, plasma, and platelets—that are derived from another person’s blood. Therefore, each Christian must make his own personal decision about the use of these four primary components in all medical and surgical care.”

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

JW.org Global News (press release), “Jehovah’s Witnesses: Each Witness Now Decides Whether to Accept or Donate Main Blood Components”

18. rujna 2026 · Office of Public Information, Jehovah’s Witnesses (Paul Gillies quoted) · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

“The Governing Body of Jehovah's Witnesses announced on Friday that the decision to accept red cells, white cells, plasma or platelets from another person's blood is a matter of personal conscience. Likewise, each Witness must decide whether or not to donate blood for the clearly expressed purpose of providing components or fractions for use by another person. … The long-standing refusal of whole-blood transfusions on religious grounds, a core teaching based on the command to 'abstain from blood' (Acts 15:20), is unchanged.”

Vjerodostojno izvještavanje Provjereno

Associated Press, “Jehovah’s Witnesses allow blood-derived products but keep ban on whole-blood transfusions”

18. rujna 2026 · Peter Smith · The Associated Press

““Each Christian must make his own personal decision about the use of these four primary components in all medical and surgical care,” said Geoffrey W. Jackson, a member of the Governing Body.”

Primarna publikacija Jehovinih svjedoka Provjereno

JW.org Frequently Asked Questions, “Why Don’t Jehovah’s Witnesses Accept Blood Transfusions?”

19. rujna 2026 · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

“Myth: Many Witnesses, including children, die each year as a result of refusing blood transfusions. Fact: This statement is totally unfounded. Surgeons regularly perform such complex procedures as heart operations, orthopedic surgery, and organ transplants without the use of blood transfusions. Patients, including children, who do not receive transfusions usually fare as well as or better than those who do accept transfusions. In any case, no one can say for certain that a patient will die because of refusing blood or will live because of accepting it.”

Something here wrong, unclear, or missing? Predložite ispravak ove stranice. Corrections are checked against the original source and logged publicly.

Back to top